DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2023.4.43594

Abstract: One of the most significant factors of adolescent adaptation is exposure to various types of violence. In scientific research, there is a lack of work on establishing the relationship between violence against a teenager and the characteristics of his maladaptation. The study is devoted to a comprehensive study and description of the features of the severity of the characteristics of socio-psychological maladjustment of adolescents subjected to psychological, emotional and physical violence. The study involved 159 schoolchildren aged 12 to 16 studying in grades 6-8 of general education institutions. Research methods: the author's questionnaire for assessing exposure to various types of violence and psychological testing of the characteristics of socio-psychological maladjustment of adolescents. Statistical processing was carried out using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance using the SPSS Statistics 26.00 software package. As a result of the study, statistically significant differences were established in the severity of suicidal risk, depression, deviant behavior, psychological well-being and self-attitude as characteristics of the socio-psychological maladjustment of adolescents who experienced various types of violence. The analysis made it possible to establish that all types of violence contribute to an increase in the socio-psychological maladjustment of adolescents, while physical violence has a more negative impact. According to the results of the study, it is possible to identify similar characteristics of the socio-psychological maladjustment of adolescents who were subjected to physical, psychological and emotional violence, these include: various forms of deviant behavior, mood changes, reduced self-esteem of health, greater closeness, insecurity, reduced self-esteem and self-worth.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2023.3.43538

Abstract: The research is devoted to the study and description of the features of the severity of universal skills for successful career building and their relationship with the personal qualities of students of psychological and pedagogical areas of study at the university. The study involved 107 students of psychological and pedagogical areas of training at the university. Research methods: the author's questionnaire for assessing the frequency of manifestation in the behavior of ten universal skills for successful career building and psychological testing of students' personal qualities. Statistical processing was carried out using descriptive statistics, two-stage cluster, correlation and multivariate analyzes of variance using the SPSS Statistics 26.00 software package. As a result of the study, it was found that the skills of managing emotions and stress, flexibility, adaptability, self-presentation and conflict management are expressed at an average level among students of psychological and pedagogical areas of study at the university. Statistically significant differences in the severity of self-presentation skills, problem solving and conflict management among students of different courses were established. The greater severity of the skills of managing emotions and stress, self-presentation, leadership and problem solving in psychology students was determined. The development of individual psychological universal skills among students of psychological and pedagogical areas of study at a university is more associated with the development of emotional stability and self-control, the use of optimal coping strategies, and socio-psychological skills - with the development of extroversion, communication and leadership abilities, emotional stability and self-control.