DOI: 10.7256/2306-0158.2013.8.8871

Abstract: The article is devoted to the essence and elements of the political system, peculiarities of its development, its close connection with the political life and meaning for the political development. The author states that the political system is conditioned by the existence of political relations. The author makes and justifies the conclusion that the political system is the general form of political life constituting the functional relationship between components of the political body. Guidance and opposition are viewed as the most important elements of the political system. These functions are closely connected and essential for the political democratic process. There can be other elements of the political system as well. These elements form the substructures of the political body. Definition of the political system allows to set forth and define the law of political development. The author also analyzes the official definition of political system offered by the political studies. 

DOI: 10.7256/2409-7144.2016.3.17823

Abstract: The article analyzes the new and trending information and communication technologies in public administration. More pressingly  than ever before stands the question of political and economic modernization before the government . In this article the authors try to show successful projects of political crowdsourcing in the Russian Federation, as a variant of the successful modernization of a political process that involves broad public involvement in policymaking to improve governance at the municipal level or the control over execution of the legislation. The authors examine the political development of crowdsourcing in Russia, and indicate its prospects as an effective means of engaging people in the development processes of government decisions, public control over observance of legislation. The authors examine the political crowdsourcing in terminology and institutional point of view and formulate the notion of political crowdsourcing, show the most successful examples of its application in Russia. Moreover various problems occur during operation of political crowdsourcing. For their solution, the authors formulated a few General rules that will shape people's loyalty to the political crowdsourcing platform, and, therefore, want to work on it.