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Psychology and Psychotechnics
Reference:
Nizamova, E. S.
Genetic and Environmental Dependence of Mental Development of Twins
// Psychology and Psychotechnics.
2012. № 2.
P. 66-71.
URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=59212
Nizamova, E. S. Genetic and Environmental Dependence of Mental Development of Twins
Abstract:
The study is devoted to the genetic and environmental dependence of mental development of twins in terms
of formation of their ‘Big Five’ basic personal traits (neurotism, extraversion, openness to experience, friendliness and
consciousness). The purpose of the study is to define and compare environmental and genetic models which are most
typical for each trait. The empiric part of the study covers 319 one-egg and two-egg twins living in Bushevsk, Izhevsk
and Tver. A classical twin method was used in the study. Apart of one or two-egg nature, the study also recorded sex,
age, nationality and a number of other demographic and anammestic parameters of twins and their parents. Using the
method of structural modeling for each of personal trait, for the first time in Russian researches of twins the author
of the study described a proper environmental and genetic model assessing contribution of genes and environment
into phenotype differences. Received results show the differential nature of genetic-environmental determination of
the Big Five charts. The Neorotism, Friendliness and Consciousness Charts are most typically described by the means
of models which include additive genetic factors and individual environment. In addition to that, contribution of genetic
factors are somewhere between 50 and 59 percent. Extraversion and Openness to Experience charts deal with
the environmental model where general and individual environment share equal influence. Using the method of intra
pair correlation the author defines non-linear dependences between genotypes, genders and ages. The author also
specifies and clarifies peculiarities of demonstration of the Big Five personal traits in groups of one-egg and two-egg
twins differing in gender and age.
Keywords:
psychology, psychogenetics, twin method, personality, development, Big Five, heritage, environment, structural modeling, inter pair correlation.
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