DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2024.1.43421

Abstract: The subject of the study is the parental burnout of women raising children with autism spectrum disorders. Special attention is paid to the type of attitude to the mother's child's illness and her emotional burnout. The aim of the study is to identify the relationship of parental burnout with the type of attitude to the child and his illness in women raising children with autism spectrum disorders. Theoretical analysis of scientific research on the problem of emotional burnout of parents raising children with autism spectrum disorder allows us to conclude that each family faces huge problems of a different nature, which leads to chronic stress, flowing into emotional burnout. Different types of attitudes to the disease can aggravate this condition. The main conclusions of the study are presented in the provisions. Parental burnout of women raising children with autism spectrum disorders is determined by the peculiarities of emotional relationships with the child. Data were obtained on different relationships between the symptoms of parental burnout and the type of relationship with a child of different ages. Emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, reduction of parental achievements are interrelated with the peculiarities of contact with the child, the inability to understand the child, feelings arising in interaction with the child, the inability to provide emotional support to the child. The type of attitude to the child's illness is determined by the peculiarities of the emotional relationship between mother and child. Thus, the predictors of the types of attitude to the child's illness are the feelings that arise in the mother's relationship with the child, a negative attitude towards herself as a mother, unconditional child, restrictions on activity and physical contact.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2023.3.34132

Abstract: The subject of the study is the self – awareness of a preschooler's personality. The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of the structure of self – consciousness of preschoolers born from multiple pregnancies and single-born preschoolers who have and do not have siblings due to the influence of special evaluation factors. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the self-consciousness of preschoolers in connection with the special social situation of development and the presence of siblings. The role of evaluative relationships in the development of self-awareness in preschool age is determined. Differences in the characteristics of self-consciousness of girls and boys of preschool age are revealed. Research methodology: cultural and historical approach (L.S. Vygotsky), concepts of self-consciousness of a preschool child (M.I. Lisina, V.E. Mukhina, R.H. Shakurov), the effect of twins R. Zazzo. The study involved 160 preschoolers, including 88 preschoolers born from multiple pregnancies, 72 single-born preschoolers. The existence of differences in the structure of self-consciousness of preschoolers born from multiple pregnancies and single-born preschoolers associated with the influence of special evaluative relationships within the social situation of development is theoretically substantiated and empirically proven. The main conclusions of the study are presented in the provisions. Preschoolers born from multiple pregnancies are characterized by a significantly lower level of self-esteem and self-acceptance in comparison with single-born preschoolers, which may be due to a special characteristic of the parent's evaluative relationships due to the social situation of development. For preschoolers born from multiple pregnancies, evaluative relationships of a parent of the same sex are significant for the formation of self-awareness.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2023.3.38268

Abstract: The subject of the study is the anxiety-depressive symptoms of women in the postpartum period. The aim of the study is to identify the interrelationships of anxiety-depressive symptoms of women in the postpartum period and the type of their attitude to pregnancy. The author identified differences in anxiety-depressive symptoms of women with different types of residence and the use of maternity care. The results on the relationship of anxiety and depression with the type of attitude to pregnancy of women in the postpartum period were obtained. Research methodology: typology of the psychological component of the gestational dominant I.V. Dobryakova. Empirical basis of the study: the study was conducted on the basis of the Altai Regional Clinical Center for Maternal and Child Health with women in the early postpartum period.The existence of interrelations between the appearance of anxiety-depressive symptoms of women in the postpartum period and the type of attitude to pregnancy is theoretically substantiated and empirically proven. Qualitative characteristics of differences in the type of attitude to pregnancy of women with different types of residence and the use of maternity care are determined. The main conclusions of the study are : Anxious symptoms in the postpartum period are more typical for women from rural areas; Women who have undergone natural childbirth are more likely to experience depression and anxiety in the postpartum period; Rural women are more characterized by a hypogestognosic type of attitude to pregnancy, urban women - a depressive type of attitude to pregnancy; Anxious and depressive types of attitude to pregnancy associated with fears, expressed fears, tearfulness are risk factors for the development of anxiety-depressive symptoms in women in the postpartum period.

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2021.1.34029

Abstract: The subject of this research is the self-identity of twins in preschool age. The goal is to determine correlations between the behavioral indicators of intra-pair interaction and the parameters of functionality of self-identity of twins of preschool age. Detailed analysis is conducted on the role of twin situation and intra-pair interaction of twins in the development of self-identity in preschool age. The twin situation is interpreted as a special social situation of development that defines the formation of personality of twins; it is associated with the occurrence of specific intra-pair interactions that determine the development of self-identity of a preschooler. The research methodology is based on the cultural-historical approach that reveals the role of social situation in child’s development (L. S. Vygotsky), concept of self-identity (S. L. Rubinstein, L. I. Bozhovich), studies on twins (T. B. Morozov, M. T. Miliora). The empirical base is represented by 100 twins of preschool age. This article is first to give theoretical substantiation and empirical proof to the existence of correlation between the behavioral indicators of intra-pair interaction of twins and characteristics of self-identity of dizygotic and monozygotic twins in preschool age. The following conclusions were made: dizygotic and monozygotic twins may have a different nature of intra-pair interaction, which relates to the peculiarities of self-identity preschoolers; dizygotic twins have high possibility of rivalry with their twin; monozygotic twins are rather oriented towards cooperation. The proclivity for cooperation in the process of joint activity creates the foundation for positive self-esteem, self-acceptance, and assessment of own performance. The proclivity for rivalry allows the twins to be more independent, take responsibility for the results of their work, creates foundation for the development of self-identity, self-cognition, and self-understanding.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2018.1.25299

Abstract: In her article Kuzmina presents the results of her research that was devoted to the distinctions in self-attitude of law graduates at different stages of their career development, during their last year at the Law University, social and professional adaptation, acquiring necessary skills and knowledge, and succession development. The aim of the research is to discover statistically significant parameters of self-attitudes demonstrated by law graduates at different stages of their career development. The object of the research is personal self-attitude. The subject of the research is the comparative analysis of self-attitude parameters typical for law graduates at different stages of their career development. The methodology of the research included V. Myasischev's relationship theory, S. Pantileev's and V. Stolin's self-attitude concept, A. Derkach' acmeological approach to personality studies, definition of self-attitude as a subjective criterion of personal growth offered by N. and L. Shneiders, S. Pantileev's and V. Stolin's Self-Attitude Inventory, and D. Leontiev's Life Values Test. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author provides an integral view of an individual's interpersonal relationships with other actors that an individual deals with in the process of his or her going through stages of career development. The researcher discovers the following distinctions in self-attitudes at different stages of career development: integral self-attitude ratio (F = 6.77 whereas p≤0.01), self-respect (F = 4 whereas p≤0.01), expectation of positive attitude from others (F = 5.63 whereas p≤0.01), self-interest (F = 5.37 whereas p≤0.01), and self-guidance (F = 5.87 whereas p≤0.01). Law graduates who acted as trainees scored the lowest values of aforesaid indicators. 

DOI: 10.25136/2409-8701.2018.1.25309

Abstract: The article is devoted to the results of analyzing dynamic changes in the structure of students' self-attitude. The research is based on the longitudinal study. The self-attitude structure includes non-variable and variable parameters of self-attitude. The author of the article analyzes changes in self-attitude parameters of the first-, second-, third- and forth-year university students. The aim of the research is to define non-variable and variable parameters in students' self-attitude structure at different stages of their university life. The object of the research is students' self-attitude. The subject of the research is variable and non-variable parameters of students' personal self-attitude parameters at different stages of their university studies. The methodology of the research includes L. Vygotsky's cultural historical approach, V. Klochko's and O. Krasnoryadtsev's systems approach, S. Pantileev's and V. Stolin's concept of self-attitude as well as S. Pantileev's and V. Stolin's Self-Attitude Inventory. The methods of mathematical statistical analysis include analysis of variance (ANOVA). Obtained data was processed using a statistical data software SPSS 17.00. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author demonstrates the correlation of variable and non-variable parameters in students' self-attitude structure. The main conclusions made by the author are as follows. In the course of university studies when a student starts a new year at a university, such self-attitude parameters as self-guidance, self-accusation, self-understanding change, meanwhile such self-attitude parameters as integral self-attitude, authosympathy, and self-interest reman the same, i.e. can be considered unchangeable (non-variable) parameters. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0676.2018.1.25574

Abstract: The article is devoted to transformation of the substantive structure of students' self-attitude. This is a longitudinal kind of research. In her research proves the fact that the structure of students' self-attitude changes during their university education. She analyzes factor models of students' self-attitude during the first, second, third and fourth years of University. The aim of the research is to define particularities of transformation of students' self-attitude parameters at different stages of University education. The object of the research is the students' self-attitude. The subject of the research is the process of transformation of students' self-attitude parameters at different stages of their university education. The methodology of the research includes the activity approach offered to S. Rubnshtein, theory of relationships offered by V. Myasischev, and self-attitude concept of S. Pantileev and V. Stolin. Psychological tests include Self-Attitude Inventory by S. Pantileev and V. Stolin and Life Values Inventory by D. Leontiev adapted by T. Kryukova), Self-Actualization Test by Yu. Alyoshina, L. Gozman, M. Zagika and M. Kroz. The methods of mathematical statistics include analysis of means, single-factor analysis of variance, exploratory factor analysis (the method of principal components). The data were processed by using applied statistical data processing software SPSS 17.00. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author demonstrates how the substantive structure of students' self-attitude transforms during their university education. The main conclusions of the research: the structure of students' self-attitude from the first to the fourth university year is deined by the social situation and combined professional and moral education efforts.