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Culture and Art
Reference:
Khrenov, N. A.
Between the Linear Principle and the Cyclic Principle:
Art History From the Point of View of Pitirim
Sorokin’s Social Dynamics
// Culture and Art.
2014. № 4.
P. 381-392.
URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=65424
Khrenov, N. A. Between the Linear Principle and the Cyclic Principle:
Art History From the Point of View of Pitirim
Sorokin’s Social Dynamics
Abstract:
The article touches upon one of the most topical issues in the methodology of art history.
The absolute priority given in the history research to the linear principle which genesis goes back to
the age of Enlightenment has made art historians to pay more attention to certain periods while leaving
other periods without adequate interpretations. This, above all, refers to the period of the archaic
ancient art, medieval art and Byzantine art. In the latter case art is perceived as declining and not
demonstrating complete or definite artwork as it seemed. This is the reason why those periods in art
history were rarely studied. As the science that was formed in the age of Enlightenment, esthetics took
the exclusive Renaissance art as the starting point in the art development. The same situation had
continued until historians discovered the alternative principle in the historical process, in particular,
the cyclic principle the present article is devoted to. Even though the interest towards that principle
already developed in the 19th century, most efficiently the principle was used in woks by the Russian
scientist Pitirim Sorokin who started his academic career as a social scientist. The author of the article
emphasizes the important role of Pitirim Sorokin’s major work on social and cultural dynamics in the
development of the cultural science. The article shows how the Russian scientist gradually proceeded to
the discovery and substantiation of the cyclic principle, how Sorokin applied the aforesaid principle to
his historical research of art in his work on social and cultural dynamics has become so famous today
and, most importantly, how the principle can be used to eliminate the unexplored facts (so called ‘white
spots’) in art studies. In addition, Pitirim Sorokin’ work that is unparalleled anywhere in the world science
allows to solve some difficulties that may arise in modern art studies. Meanwhile, when the work
was first published, it was not understood or appraised as it deserved. However, the modern situation
in the development of the cultural science makes Pitirim Sorokin’s work highly important.
Keywords:
Cultural dynamics, cultural history, art history, crisis of culture, linear principle, cyclic principle, short periods of time, long periods of time, sensual culture, rational culture.
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