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Philosophy and Culture
Reference:
Titlina, M. V.
The Problems of Religious Freedom in Russian Philosophy, Theology and Law at the Turn
of the 19th — 20th Centuries
// Philosophy and Culture.
2011. № 8.
P. 157-165.
URL: https://en.nbpublish.com/library_read_article.php?id=58552
Titlina, M. V. The Problems of Religious Freedom in Russian Philosophy, Theology and Law at the Turn
of the 19th — 20th Centuries
Abstract:
The article analyzes the public discussions on religious freedom at the turn of the 19th — 20th centuries.
The author of the article gives a brief description of legislation in the sphere of religion and traces
back actualization of such terms as ‘freedom of conscience’, ‘religious tolerance’, freedom of belief’, ‘religious
freedom’, and etc.
The author reconstructs the public polemics on religious freedom and describes different approaches to it. In
his study the author uses the method of a c omparative analysis and t ypologization.
The author concludes that there were no clear and common understanding of questions related to religious
freedom at the end of the 19th — beginning of the 20th in Russia. The author shows the poly semantic nature
of all terms related to religious freedom. The most controversial is the question about the ‘freedom of conscience’.
The author defines the four basic interpretations of this term: 1) freedom of conscience is equal to
the freedom of choice of the world view; 2) freedom of conscience does not relate to the sphere of legislation
because it is a philosophical and theological idea meaning a) freedom from the sin; b)freedom of the thought
and dogmatic beliefs; c)free will; 3) freedom of conscience is interpreted as a propaganda of atheism; 4)freedom
of conscience is a meaningless term and we should refuse from using it.
Keywords:
philosophy, religion, f reedom, consciousness, tolerance, religious tolerance, confession, pre-revolutionary, Russia, Soloviev.
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