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Abstract: Despite the fact that the idea of violence is quite utopian and abstract, when Lev Tolstoy refreshed the idea at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century in his own grandiose way, it made a strong impression on his contemporaries, attracted criticism of philosophers and politicians of all kinds and movements and created grounds for it to be recognized and accepted in many regions of the world (by Mohandas Gandhi, Martin King and others). As if he could foresee an unusual splash of violence in the oncoming 20th century, the writer kept discussing the Antique truth in his novels, philosophical and political essays, diaries, letters and verbal expressions. Although we do not even claim that we will be ever to fully represent this topic, we will try and analyze the genetic sources of Tolstoy’s rejection of violence as well as evolution of the idea of Satyagraha in his philosophy.

Keywords: cultural studies, genesis, violence, Satyag raha, state institution, power, money, Church, Christianity, rejection.

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Abstract: The article is devoted to the world perceitpoin of philosphers and artists during the Silver Age that combined both eschatological and demiurgic ideas. In this regard the article discusses Soloviev’s ideas about human immortality as well as Soloviev’s conception of all-ecomopassing unity. In order to analyze the latter, the author addresses to his own researches of esoteric teachings, on the one han, and to his theory of ‘schemology’, on the other. The author shows that being an esoterist, Soloviev uses the schemes to understand the reality of all-ecompassing unity and solves the problem of death in this context. When doing so, Soloviev also realizes the strategy of ‘esoteric day-dreaming’ which helps him to enter the reality of all-encompassing unity.

Keywords: cultural studies, esotherics, conception, allencompassing unity, reality, psyche, problem, situation, vision, perception of the world.

Abstract: Growing scientifi c and technological progress which stimulates socio-cultural changes, has a drastic infl uence on socio-cultural environmenta and the world view of the arists – creators of artistic values – as well as their audience. It creates a need in defi ning borders between art and creation of artifacts. This is what the article is devoted to.

Keywords: cultural studies, culture, art, world view, artist values, artifacts, borders between art and non-art, progress, artist, audience.

Abstract: The author of the article has made an attemp to compare views on the Bible from the point of Indian and Russian philosophy in the 19th – 20th centuries. The common approach to Biblican texts that united such peoples as a philosopher and reformer Rammohan Roy, a priest, theologist and public fi gure Krisnamachar Banergee, philosopher Vla dimir Soliviet and a priest and theologist Alexander Men, viewed the Bible as something phenomenological and personal, something that was far from modern and traditional interpretations. These philosophers addressed to the Spirit of the Biblical legacy and it allowed them to achieve the synthesis of the national and universal, Western and Oriental, spiritual and slocial development of peoples and cultures as well as sensibility of every nation to general human values represented in the Biblican legacy.

Keywords: cultural stuies, philosophy, values, Bible, Christiniaity, culture, Christology, understanding, text, theology.

Abstract: Analysis of veritual and mass media technologies of communicaton shows a current tendency towards degradation of communication, depletion of its spiritual, personal and existential features and loss of the ‘depth of communication’. This tendency allows to speak of hierarchy of communication forms starting from meaningful personal communication to totally formal ‘protocol communication’ of computer systems. Quite on the contrary, philosophers and spiritual practitioners see the hierarchy of communicaitno forms starting from simple empiric communication – through the forms relevant to the stages of spiritual practice, - up to absolutely meaningful communciation that serves to exchange not only information but also existence. This is that Byzantian patristics called ‘perihorisis’. Since the degradation of human communication is one of the threats for the current anthroplogical and social situation, cultiviation of personal communcation and communcation form should be viewed as one of the strategies to overcome the anthropological crisis. New opportunities of such cultivation reveal the oncoming process of the society and conciousness reaching the post-secular paradigm.

Keywords: cultural stuies, anthropology, personology, Hesychasm, being, communication, mass-media, virtual world, personality.

Abstract: The article considers the problem of representation of the past in post-modernism culture. In those times the most famous form of addressing to the past was the pastiche which is, in fact, a mimicry that reminds of the past and does not have any historical referents. Based on Fredric Jameson’s theory of post-modernism, the author analyzes a series of cultural texts and modern practices showing the loss of the feeling of history in the culture of postmodernism while popularization of historical plots in mass culture, especially in screen arts. Post-modernism examples of historical art include the usage of such instruments as combination of fragments from different epochs and presence of both real and fi ctional characters. One of the forms of such practices in art is the interpretation of classical plots deprived of any temporal features. The author admits that post-modernistic interpretation of history is rather contradictory and concludes that the desire to understand the past is quite typical for ‘post-culture’ human despite all the changes in interpretation of history which happened at the end o the 20th – beginning of the 21st centuries.

Keywords: cultural studies, post-modernism, representa tion, history, pastiche, nostalgia, image, biography, narrative, referent.

Abstract: The article is devoted to the verse XIII of the poem ‘Yezerskiy’. This verse is full of profound philosophy and meaning and, based on the author, has a concrete historical implication. The verse describes the events happened in 1815 when Napoleoe escaped from Elba Island and moved to Paris – evolution of Buonaparte’s ideas and his retaining his power and government. The verse also very well proves Pushkin’s tendency to ‘parody history and Shakespear’.

Keywords: cultural studies, Alexander Pushkin, Napoleone Buonaparte, history of Russia, history of France, Hund red Days, memoirs, Jacobinism, proclamation, empire.

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Abstract: The article provides a detailed analysis of evolution of the linguistics and of cinematographic documentary and TV movies refl ecting the most important issue about a talent being recognized by the society. Based on the example of the movies shown during the International Movie Festival ‘Meetings in Siberia’ held in November 2011 in Omsk, the author describes style and composition techniques of the social brand repertory. The author also studies such aspects of development of the linguistic consciousness as occurrence of new genres, operator’s techniques and cutting features.

Keywords: cultural studies, language, cinematograph, social cinematograph and TV broadcasting, linguistic conscious ness, operator’s techniques, evolution of the cinematographic language, repertory, genres, cinemato graphic docu mentary, cutting.

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Abstract: The article is devoted to the member of the Russian Academy of Education and Russian Academy of Fine Arts, national artist of the Russian Soviet-Federated Socialist Republic, Dmitry Zhilinsky who turned 85 in 2012. The article describes his work and signifi cant events in his life before and after he became an artist. The article is based on published memories and expressions of the artist as well as personal impressions of the author.

Keywords: cultural studies, history of art, culture, creativity, fi ne arts, artist, talent, artist’s life, personality, spiritual values.

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Abstract: The article raises a question about traditions associated with one of the movements in art at the turn of the the 19th – 20th centuries – symbolism. The author proves that symbolism hasn’t become consign consign to history because it is just an anticipation of culture which unfolded throughout the 20th century. The alternative culture which occurred in the 20th century made its contribution to the understanding of symbolism as a cultural phenomenon, expanded and deepened its meaning which was not that clear at the turn o the 19th – 20th centuries. Formation of a new system of values makes the connection between the legacy of symbolism and the culture that is being established now more clear.

Keywords: cultural studies, alternative culture, esthetics, symbolism, Thaw, social anomia, empire, Renais sance in art, gnostic tradition, libertine, all the colours of culture.

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Abstract: Polish music of the 1960th is well-known for the development of expiremental movements among which the most brightest achivement was sonorism. Special role in the development of the stylistics of this movement was played by Kazimierz Serocki whose piano compositions are being analyzed by the author of this article. The tendency of development of sonorism appeared to be stable and full of perspective while Serocki’s world of the sound with his own art issues and throbbing dramaturgy of emotions are stil topical. It is the sonorism basis which allows to enrich the modern musical language with other means of expression. Serocki’s new and colourful world o the sound has become a special event in moderm music. It showed the way to the development of a whole movement because eventually sonorism is not that innovative but emotional and rich sign of imagination and master skills.

Keywords: history of art, culture, art, Polish music, Serocki’s music, sonorism, aleotory, the world of sound, modern musical language, composer’s way of thinking.

Abstract: In the year of the 80th anniversary of the Russian Institute for Cultural Research the author of the article shares his own impressions of the fi rst after the war 20th anniversary of the Institute. Back in those times it was called the Institute of Local Studies and Museum Work and then it changed its name into Institute of Museum Studies and Institute of Culture. The author of the article, Galkina, knew many of those who worked for the Institute: she spent a lot of time there when visiting her mother, Pavla Ivanova Galkina, who had worked at the Institute as the deputy of the director for many years. The article describes Pavla Galkina’s life and activity, changes in the fi elds of work of the Institute, change of the general paradigm since 1947 up to 1973 and expansion of scientists goals and tasks of the Institute.

Keywords: cultural studies, local studies, museum studies, museum, Russian Institute for Cultural Research, archive, workers, meeting, foraging, exposition.

Abstract: The article provides an assessment of the humanistic role of art as well as its role in the development of humanism. Art unites people, helps a better understanding between nations and creates the spiritual foundation for human. The author of the article describes the two elements of the crisis of modern culture (and art as an important part of it): material part (insuffi cient budget) and spiritual part. Spiritual crisis is related to the loss of the spiritual dominant of the epoch. The author’s arguments say: the art becomes small and insignifi cant; there are major artists but it would be too early to speak of any epoch-making creations. The author underlines the role of the Russian Academy of Fine Arts in preservation of professional art school. Academy successfully realizes target programs and implements the principle of high art. The author also touches upon the opposition between traditional and so called modern art as well as expansion of the horizons as a consequence of globalization.

Keywords: cultural studies, history of art, technological civilization, industrial civilization, human sciences, humanism, avant-garde, crisis of culture, leftover principle of culture fi nancing, classics, world culture.

Abstract: The author of the article views R. Kazaryan’s book ‘Esthetics of the Cinema’ (published in 2011 in Moscow) as the continuation of the tradition in the Russian art history according to which people who themselves create artwork can write and talk very seriously about patterns and laws of art and creative work. It is noted that the author of the book was quite innovative in his analysis of the sound and approach to cinema phonography from the point of view of the synthesis between the sound and image. Kazaryan’s special approach and his thoughts about the relation between the diegesis space (the world that is shown in a movie) and the audience space are considered to be favorable and productive.

Keywords: history of art, creative work, art of the cinema, cinematograph, phonogram (audio record), stereo sound, synthesis, space (out of picture, diegesis, audience), psychophysiology of hearing, acoustic image.