International relations - rubric Theory and methodology of international relations

Abstract: Africa is taking a new centre stage on global issues sparking debates about Africa’s place in international relations. This new interest has led to current researchers addressing the gap especially on its History and its contribution to world politics that is mainly addressed through International Relations. This is so as most was written by past scholars who had a Eurocentric conception and invention of Africa. As such, books like ‘Recentering Africa in International relations” has recently been written generating a lot of discourse in the field. “By way of epistemological critique, we seek to rethink the discipline of international relations by foregrounding the experiences of Africa to historical and ongoing processes of world order and global power, interrogating the power dynamics and epistemological configurations of the discipline and the fetishes of its dominant practitioners.” It is against this backdrop that this article will analyse international relations course in Kenya and fill the gaps in the understanding of the course as a current field of study in the country based on its historical changes. Through this the author will show that Africa and indeed a country like Kenya is deeply embedded in the Western education system and it’s in need of a complete overhaul in order for it to create its own imprint in International Relations.

Keywords: Researchers, Research, Africa, Study, Education, Universities, Courses, International Relations, Kenya, Colonisation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2019.3.29403

Abstract: Despite various modern limiting processes, sovereignty remains the crucial and fundamental principle for the state and the entire international law system. However, the interpretation of sovereignty and prospects of its development are the topic of continuous debates in the academic circles. Therefore, this article examines the comprehension of the principle of sovereignty by academic community and its key peculiarities. The subject of this research is the historical development of the concept of sovereignty – the evolution of its understanding by historians through the course of time. From the methodological perspective, the article is based on cross-paradigmatic approach and is close to “integralism”, which encompasses the ideas of realism and liberalism, and suggests a comprehensive analysis of international relations (and discussion on the topic of sovereignty in particular), acknowledging their complex character overall. Special relevance the topic of state sovereignty gained in the late XX century, due to restructuring of the entire system of international relations as a result of dissolution of the Soviet Union. The author comes to the conclusion that sovereignty remains the paramount principle ensuring the existence of states, and despite the difference in approaches and representation on the future of sovereign, majority of the authors acknowledge the significance of the principle as such, underlining its fundamental character for the development of international relations.

Keywords: international relations, historical development, supremacy of state, post-bipolarity, state, international law, independence, sovereignty, foreign policy, limitations of sovereignty

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2015.1.12745

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2015.1.65917

Abstract: The article is devoted to the Third Wave geopolitics concept, stated in the context of the post-nonclassical approach of V.S. Stepin, the theory of self-organizing systems of H. Haken, the “managed chaos” concept of S. Mann, and the synergetic vision of contemporary geopolitical processes. The world community entered the age of a permanent crisis, which is presented today as a system crisis of the modern civilization. Social and political tendencies which had occurred during the revolutions in the Middle East and the Northern Africa, and the range of “color” revolutions on the post-Soviet space, the protest actions of the Russian opposition formulated the urgent task of development of new instruments for the research of the modern world political transformation processes. In such conditions geopolitics should study the processes, occurring not only within the relations between the states, but also inside the states, closely connected with each other, in order to reveal the threats and to develop the mechanisms of parrying them. Auspicious conditions for appearance of threats to international and domestic security arise from the use by the international policy subjects of the “managed chaos” technologies, the strategies of “soft power” and “indirect actions” against the background of worsening of territorial, demographical, confessional, ecological, food and water problems on the vast territories of the Central Asia and the Middle East.

Keywords: international relations, foreign policy, geopolitics, postmodernism, the third wave of geopolitics, soft power, security, interests, values, self-organization.

Abstract: The article presents a comprehensive analysis of foreign policy decision-making determinants, based on the level approach. The proposed determinants are settled on three interrelated levels – global, state and interstate, include the factors of force, force relations, international institutions, mutual perception of each other’s countries and the international system, the state autonomy, mobilizing, grand strategy, political and psychological features of leaders, ideology.

Keywords: determinant, foreign policy decision, foreign policy strategy, global, state, interstate levels.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2016.1.16443

Abstract: The article is devoted to the synergetics as a theoretical basis of the political science. The author notes the appearance of the global information space, in which the technologies of info-physiological influence on human mentality are applied in the forms of people’s protest movement. Social medium obtained an absolutely new quality, transforming from the critical opposition to the functioning authority to the highly explosive substance. In this situation the external actors of international policy serve as a fuse, acting with the aim to transform the political regime. The methodology of the research is based on the system, structural-functional, and comparative-political approaches, the methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, and observation. The contemporary political processes, taking place in different regions, raise the topical task of synergetic vision of socio-political processes and development of the new methodology of analysis and forecasting its dynamics, based on the self-organization principles of societal systems and the creation of new and effective control mechanisms.

Keywords: socio-political processes, synergetic vision, technologies, global information space, synergetics in political science, self-organization, interests, state, sequrity, USA

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2016.1.67552

Keywords: socio-political processes, synergetic vision, technologies, global information space, synergetics in political science, self-organization, interests, state, sequrity, USA

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2019.1.28948

Abstract: Traditionally, the relationship between Nigeria and Western countries is rooted in their long-standing economic ties, political and other common values its people share, coupled with Nigerians in the Diaspora and western businesses established in Nigeria. Since its independence in 1960, the African giant has strategically made contacts with many international organizations to help maximize its foreign policy potentials. Nigerian foreign policy gives much credence to the European Union as a strategic partner and an opportunity for her to capitalize and define a feasible cooperation policy framework for its cooperation with Europe, based on values and interests that unite Nigeria and members of the European Union. It seeks to analyze how such foreign policy manifest into Nigeria's potentials in trade cooperation and development at large.

Keywords: Diplomatic dialogue, Bilateral, Agreement, Cooperation, Africa, European Union, Nigeria, Foreign policy, Multilateral, Development

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2020.2.33094

Abstract: This article is dedicated to peculiarities of studying post-Soviet space by think tanks of the Republic of Turkey. It is described how it is accepted in the works of Turkish authors to nominate the countries comprising the post-Soviet space, the subregions this geopolitical areal is divided into, as well as the most relevant Soviet problems explored by the Turkish scholars. For realization of the set goal, the authors firstly determined the circle of think tanks dealing with the problematic of post-Soviet space, and secondly examined the reports and publications provided by their experts in order to define a range of terms used in these works for designating the “post-Soviet space”. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that this article is first to analyzes the publications of the Turkish think tanks, namely for the purpose of determination and systematization of concepts that characterize the post-Soviet space. The research involves a significant volume of reports and publications in the Turkish and English languages for maximum coverage of the works dedicated to post-Soviet problematic. A tight connection is established between Turkey’s foreign policy priorities and problems viewed in reports of the think tanks. The acquired results allow to deeper understand the motives determining the vector of Turkey’s foreign policy in separate post-Soviet republics, as well as underline the divergence in views of the Turkish and Russian authors upon the problematic of post-Soviet space.

Keywords: Russia, Post-Soviet studies, Turkic world, Central Asia, South Caucasus, post-Soviet space, think tanks, Turkey, foreign policy, Turkish-Russian relations

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2023.1.39684

Abstract: The article presents a structural and component model of the political system of Tajikistan, which has developed over 30 years of institutional transformation, analyzes the hierarchy and role of institutions that have the most significant impact on the political life of Tajikistan. The conclusion is made about the complete transformation of the Soviet institutions of the political system into a national institutional model combining democratic institutions and authoritarian practices. Over the 30 years of independence, Tajikistan has undergone a transformation of the political system and the entire society. By the transformation of the political system, we will understand organizational, value deconstruction, the transformation of former institutions and the reproduction of new political and state institutions, values, norms and social relations. The socio-cultural heritage of the socialist way of life and Soviet authoritarianism, the consequences of the brutal civil war laid the specifics of the genesis of the political system of Tajikistan. The institutional transformation initiated and carried out by the regional elites who won the civil war led to the construction and functioning of a kind of political system synthesizing democratic institutions and authoritarian political and administrative practices of government institutions. This phenomenon arouses scientific interest, which determined the subject, purpose and methodology of the study – the definition of the institutional content of the political system of Tajikistan and the identification of the specifics of its design based on the structural component model.

Keywords: institutional transformation, political state institutions, transformation political system, political system, Tadjikistan, system, transformation, power, institutional model, political science

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2013.3.6792

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2022.4.39036

Abstract: The article provides a brief analysis of the history of development and the current state of the Russian-Turkish partnership within the framework of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation Organization, which can be considered a functional area of cooperation that uses the convergence of the countries of the region by creating cooperation on various issues, such as the production of energy from underground resources of strategic importance for the region, agricultural production and tourism. In addition to this, the Black Sea Economic Organization is of notable importance in terms of sustaining stability in the region due to addressing the growing security concerns in the Black Sea region. The concept of a global security threat changed shape with the end of the Cold War. This led to a change in the view of international organizations on defense and allowed a focus on increasing the level of stability through the global policy of cooperation organizations created for security and economic purposes. The article also describes the measures and results of the two countries to ensure the fuel and energy balance in the Black Sea region, steps to reduce political tension associated with Turkey's participation in a strategic partnership with the EU countries, key projects in the fuel and energy sector. It should be noted that the identity of the historical destinies of Russia and Turkey, their historical and cultural role of the "East" in the West and "West" in the East, the unique geopolitical position, geographical proximity contribute to the strengthening of economic, political, cultural ties between Russia and Turkey.

Keywords: NATO, Russia, Turkey, Black Sea region, fuel energy cooperation, strategic partnership, Russian-Turkish relations, BSEC, Black Sea, agreement

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2019.2.29243

Abstract: Special attention is currently paid to the emergence and development of such phenomenon as “non-Western” approaches and schools in the analysis of international relations. This work is therefore devoted to the question of research of general genesis of China’s school of theory of international relations and study of its modern specificity. Additionally, this article also explores the establishment of the “International Relations” discipline within the framework of scientific research and academic community of China, as well as its teaching in the China’s universities. This article was written employing the most relevant Chinese sources, some of which are not yet accessible for Russian readers. The main conclusion of this reseach consists in the fact that Chinese school of theory of international relations emerged fairly recently and is yet to formalize into paradigms common to the West, which does not impede its rapid development and be on a rise. The scientific novelty of this research consists in the analysis of the newest works of Chinese political scientists for determination of key trends of development of China’s school of international relations.

Keywords: asian schools TIR, non-western schools, theory of international relations, Lu Peng, ideological approach, mental approach, the Chinese school of IR, China, asian Studies of IR, history of TIR

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2023.2.41052

Abstract: The article aims at contributing to discussions on British national identity and its impact on the state’s foreign policy, with British-European relations used as an example. The author provides a concept of “fear” within the constructivist approach as a tool to explain withdrawing from the integration organisation. According to it, the logic of state’s behaviour can be explained with the help of four impulses that cause fear for one’s own identity. These are generalised categories that make it easier to analyse and describe actions taken by actors while interacting with their counteragents. Given the results of the research on British-European relations, one can conclude that deeper integration and gradually empowered supranational bodies provoke conflict between national and transnational identities. For fear of being deprived of its identity, which is of paramount importance, the United Kingdom was trying to securitise the threat by leaving the Union. Accordingly, the concept of “fear” facilitates defining reasons why politicians turn to politicising a problem and developing a security scenario, which is Brexit when it comes to British-European relations. Yet, it doesn’t guarantee identity restoration and can only aggravate internal issues, which is proved by the case of Great Britain.

Keywords: Fear, Right-wing populism, Cognitive community-regions, Transnational identity, National identity, Constructivism, Brexit, the European Union, Great Britain, Euroscepticism

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2021.1.34461

Abstract: This article presents a theoretical approach towards the global political steps of non-state actors. Particular attention is given to a number of theories of international relations, such as neorealism, international liberalism, and constructivism, which are able to encompass current global actions of non-state political actors. For a clearer perspective on the subject matter, the article employs the example of Iraqi Kurdistan (KRI); as a non-state actor, KRI has recently become a vivid example for the theories of international relations. The conclusion is made that security, economy, culture, religion and identity are the key and post powerful instruments of non-state actors of international politics. The example of KRI demonstrates that international relations of non-state actors focus on security, economy and culture, as well as serve as the instruments of interaction with both, state and non-state actors. The article reviews such activity within the framework of neorealism, international liberalism, and constructivism. It is underlines that the example of Iraqi Kurdistan (KRI) fully meets all the criteria of a non-state actor of international politics. It is also a brilliant example for the theories of international relations.

Keywords: culture, Identity, terrorism, Constructivism, Liberalism, Neorealism, Non-State actor, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, globalization, Marketing

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2022.2.36592

Abstract: This article is built around the phenomenon of "imperialism" and represents an understanding of the role of the object under study in modern international relations. The aim of the work is a theoretical definition of the essence of imperialism as a phenomenon in world history and world politics. The author analyzed imperialism from the point of view of two of the three main paradigms of international relations – Marxism and political realism, and within the framework of the second mentioned paradigm tried to form a new concept of imperialism in the theory of international relations, which would be less ideologized, but an equal alternative to the Marxist view. It is noteworthy that the author deliberately did not use the works of pioneer researchers of the phenomenon under study and focused on more modern, relevant and less well-known works that already show the dynamics of the development of scientific research. The author comes to the conclusion that, from the point of view of two paradigms analyzed in detail, the modern world can be called imperialistic, and imperialism is inextricably linked with the system of international relations and the current world order. The main achievement of this work is the development of the author's concept of imperialism, created with respect and based on the research of non-Marxist predecessors. It should also be argued that some scenarios of the collapse of such an order can be perceived by Marxists as the collapse of imperialism, but for another paradigm only the final fall of all powers can mean its collapse. The author also admits that imperialism of the new world order will evolve to its new state, acquire new levers, forms, and will be characterized by a different set of methods.

Keywords: theory of international relations, world order, dominance, hegemony, the sovereign approach, political realism, marxism, the world is a system theory, imperialism, leadership

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2019.1.28992

Abstract: Africa occupies a new focal point in global issues, causing debate on the place of Africa in international relations. This new interest prompted scientists to fill a gap in the scientific contribution between the role of Africa in contemporary world affairs and its history. Thus, the following article wishes to highlight how international relations are studied and presented in the universities of Senegal to show how Senegalese researchers have created their own style in analyzing this area. The current article provides an overview of the current situation of international relations research in Senegal and how its history has influenced it. In addition, the author will show that Africa, and indeed a country like Senegal, is deeply rooted in the western education system and needs to be completely revised in order to create its own imprint in international relations.

Keywords: history, scholars, Senegal, international relations, universities, africa, research, african studies, education, educational system

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2019.1.29015

Abstract: The subject of the research is the study of international relations in Mongolia. The relevance of the research is caused by the growing interest towards the theory and history of international relatios outside the Western states. The authors of the article provide an insight into the history of that science in Mongolia and analyze its modern status. The authors focus on the activity of national research institutions and universities that teach international relations. The authors have analyzed the most significant researches on international relations and provide a full list of academic journals that write about international relations. In the course of their research the authors have applied the principles and methods of historical research that have enabled objectivity and validity of the research results and have allowed to use the available experience and to analyze the history and stages of the theoretical and practical study of international relations in Mongolia. The scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the authors carry out an in-depth analysis of the history of the international relations science in Mongolia since its origin till today. They conclude that in Mongolia the science of international relations was created and have been developing till late decade of the previous century under the influence of the Soviet ideology. As soon as Mongolia have become a democratic state, Mongolian researches start to apply Western approaches and methods to studying international relations which have guaranteed the dynamic development of the science in Mongolia.

Keywords: Foreign policy of Mongolia, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Mongolian diplomats, Study, Research, Theory, Non-Western, International relations, Mongolia, Mongolian Academy of Sciences

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2019.4.31751

Abstract: The key research focus of this article is the emergence and further development of the multipolarity concept in international relations academic discourse in the United States, Western Europe, Russia and China. Initially, the term was rooted in Western IR school, and was elaborated as an attempt to counter-balance USSR in the context of bipolar world. The article also covers the modern practice of using multipolarity discourse in Western international political science. Particular attention is paid to the formation of the concept of multipolarity in the Russian Federation and in the PRC in the post-bipolar world. Academic discourse of multipolarity is presented in close link to the practical dimension of the foreign policy concepts of the countries mentioned in this study. The re-emergence of multipolarity was closely associated with changes in the balance of power and an attempt to overestimate the role of superpowers in the world. The consistent development of the theoretical basis of the concept was carried out until the end of the Cold War in the framework of the Western school of IR. In Russian and Chinese studies, multipolarity mostly acts as an image of the desired world order. In recent years, a number of Western scholars have recognized the objective nature of a multipolar world and the need for strategic adaptation to its realities.

Keywords: balance of power, China, Russia, theory of international relations, world systems, bipolar world, multipolarity, international studies, hegemonism, international stability

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2018.3.23115

Abstract: The scientific and broader community has still treated antagonistic interstate relations differently. For example, in recent years, marked by the escalation of international tension in the spirit of the Cold war, Russia and the United States are often called rivals, competitors, opponents, adversaries or conflicting parties. Such a discrepancy is noted both in foreign and domestic publications. The subject of the presented research is an “international rivalry”. It is aimed at determining a scientific meaning of the above concept, relying on accumulated academic experience and considering some similar concepts. The author applies general scientific methods including analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, analogy and modeling. Conceptual framework and research methods related to the theory of international relations, history, and political science involving the system, comparative, and comparative historical analysis are also used. The novelty of the research lies in the systematization and generalization of scientific understanding of antagonistic states relations with special focus on the concept of "international rivalry". The author arrives at the following conclusions. In a simplistic, utilitarian view, the term "rivalry" can be interpreted as the opposite of "cooperation" and associated with any clash of state interests (or other international actors). In this approach, a researcher can alternate the terms "rivalry", "competition", “conflict”, and “adversary” while describing the opposite positions and actions of states, e.g. Russia and the USA. However, if we turn to academic publications, there are some additional nuances. So, we should consider international competition as an abstract, depoliticized contest of states and other international actors for some limited (mainly economic) benefits. International rivalry is more a political process, necessarily involving some rival pairs of states (or groups of states) that compete with each other not only to get some benefits, but to expand their territory or power. International conflict, expressed either in conflict behavior or conflict of interests, in a certain sense overlaps with the term "international rivalry", but it should be considered an independent concept.

Keywords: international relations, Soviet-American relations, Russian-American relations, international adversary, international conflict, international competition, international rivalry, international enemies, conflict of interests, conflict behavior

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2024.1.39707

Abstract: Over the past thirty years, the world community has increased interest in the Arctic, new opportunities are emerging due to global warming, and many states have seen new prospects for their own development and strengthening their influence in the world. But non-Arctic states will have to prove the validity of their interests in order to get the right to participate in decision-making in the region. The results of many scientific studies indicate large oil and gas deposits, as well as reserves of many other types of minerals, respectively, interested countries will need to confirm the legitimacy of their rights to extract resources. With the melting of glaciers, new transport hubs are opening up, such as the NSR and NWP, which Russia and Canada seek to control, and where the United States and other countries insist that the NSR and NWP should have the status of international straits. Tensions are growing around the island of Svalbard, although the Paris Convention on Svalbard was signed in 1920, which implies Norway's sovereignty over the island, other countries have retained the right to conduct economic activities on the island, and Norway is trying to challenge this right in various ways. This paper examines hypothetical areas of cooperation and disagreements between stakeholders in the Arctic. The article describes the structure of relations between actors in the Arctic region, their problems and national interests, as well as cooperation in various fields. So countries that usually oppose each other in many regions can cooperate, sometimes even having contradictions in the Arctic, which ultimately allows us to see how many states can simultaneously converge and disagree on many issues in the Arctic. What makes this region unique in international relations.

Keywords: Convention on the Law of the Sea, Geopolitical interests, Transport routes, Continental shelf, Lomonosov Ridge, Svalbard, NWP, NSR, Arctic states, International law

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2023.4.39491

Abstract: The globalization processes of the modern world are not at all characterized by certainty and security, because competition between states based on market principles and the struggle for world leadership in socio-economic indicators lead to international and domestic political problems. The situation is also aggravated by the fact that the previously used political techniques of imposing the image of an internal or external enemy or ethnocentrism, when some certain groups were given a negative image, and others exclusively positive, almost ceased to bring the desired results. Because, in the era of information technology that creates opportunities for multilateral information acquisition, it is almost impossible to achieve absolute manipulation of public consciousness. This was largely facilitated by the creation of classical theories by Western scientists that reveal the specifics of the behavior of the initiators (instigators) of a conflict situation and the motivations for consolidating people in accordance with a certain ideology. At the same time, practice shows that classical theories today do not bring the necessary results, and the development and proposals of new concepts that contribute to the prediction, prevention or elimination of conflicts are almost impossible today. The problem also lies in the fact that existing theories can only give a general picture of the conflict, but not control or accurately predict the outcome of the situation, which makes it difficult to ensure security and stability of modern globalization processes. In this regard, the disclosure of the specifics of classical theories and their reinterpretation in the XXI century are of fundamental importance for all societies and, above all, for the post-Soviet space, because the conflicts that have arisen here have bot

Keywords: stereotypes, Sumner, Simmel, Bowling, Kouser, Darendorf, the social nature of conflict, Deutsch, conflict, psychology of conflict

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2016.4.17531

Abstract: The subject of the study is the different levels of conceptualization of international relations - a metaphor, an analogy and a model. This article shows the role of metaphors and analogies in the process of scientific cognition of international relations, showing their limits and possibilities. The basic types of models of international relations, including the game-theoretical, econometric, simulation, network and others, are described. The author discloses various approaches to the study of international processes - as unique social phenomena or as subjects used for identification of common patterns. Analyzing the metaphors, analogies and models, the author gives special attention to their characteristics in the context of the laws of logic (inductive or deductive reasoning). The author gives the examples of true (positive), neutral, and negative (incorrect) analogies. Theoretical generalizations are illustrated by a significant number of practical examples from the field of international relations. Metaphor and analogy are not the models of international relations, in fact they are the pre-model forms of conceptualization of international relations. Nevertheless, one should not underestimate the importance and effectiveness of metaphors for the stimulation of a creative process on the initial stages of the analysis of international relations. Metaphor, helping intuitively imagine the phenomenon under consideration, is the first step towards formalized modeling. To harmonize the contradictions, contained in the metaphor, it is necessary to use the analogy, which is an intermediate step between imagination (intuition) and logical thinking. The model helps more accurately transfer the characteristics of international processes necessary for the solution of the problem under study.

Keywords: system model, deductive logic, inductive logic, model, idiographic approach, nomothetics, formalized model, analogy, metaphor, international relations modeling

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2016.4.68471

Keywords: system model, deductive logic, inductive logic, model, idiographic approach, nomothetics, formalized model, analogy, metaphor, international relations modeling

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2014.4.13230

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2014.4.65630

Abstract: For today’s Russia, studying the technology for demolishing national identity is now more important than ever because it identifies the causes for the defeat suffered by the USSR in the Cold War and, as a result, it explains the essence of the model of the modern Russian state built by now. Becoming aware of the nature of such war against Russia makes it possible to build the strategy for effective counteraction, promptly identify the reasons why certain modernization processes in our country are non-existent or very slow. Information and psychological war is viewed by the author as a combination of technologies aimed at corrupting the public perception in the countries of the potential (geopolitical) opponent in order to reduce the resistance in case of external expansion and to implement successful colonial policy. The methodological basis is formed by the general scientific cognitive methods (dialectics, analysis, synthesis, analogy, functional, systematic, and structural approaches, abstraction and specification, linguistic analysis), specific scientific methods (as well as special legal research methods: formal legal, comparative law research, technical legal, legal modeling) and special (sociological, psychological, anthropological, historical) methods. Using various research methods and the latest achievements in social sciences in their combination made it possible to describe the object and subject matter of the research in the common regularities of their existence and development, contributed to achieving the chosen objective and solving the tasks set. The author defines the information and psychological war as a combination of technologies aimed at corrupting the public perception in the countries of the potential (geopolitical) opponent in order to reduce the resistance in case of external expansion and to implement successful colonial policy. It is using it that makes it possible to manipulate the public opinion reducing protest intentions. Certain political and legal myths are implanted in the society distracting it from the reality.