DOI: 10.7256/2454-0706.2020.1.27662

Abstract: Problems associated with the development of parliamentarism and democracy are fundamental and mostly are of polemical character. In legal science, meticulous attention is given to revelation of the essence and categorical analysis of these institutions. The theoretical-legal substantiation of their organic interrelation is being developed to a far lesser degree. The article analyzes the views of researchers upon the representative nature of legislative power, determines its place within the system of popular representation, and describes the meaning of electoral legal relations as a source of correlation between parliamentarism and democracy. The author proves that consensual declaration of will expressed by the representative legislative authority in its bills, is intended to be the permanent, legal, objectified representation of will and interest of the people. Critical assessment is given to the current state of Russian parliamentarism, which represents a dynamically development state legal institution. A conclusion is substantiated that without efficient functionality of the national mechanism of parliamentarism, the full implementation of the constitutional principle of democracy in Russian is impossible.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0706.2020.1.30273

Abstract: This article explores the key stages of the development of U.S. policy with regards to Arctic Region. The goal is set to outline the fundamental interests of the United States in the Arctic, as well as analyze the actions aimed at their achievement. The article examines the main priorities in U.S. Arctic policy, namely the protection and preservation of resources and ecosystem in the Arctic Region, scientific study of climatic changes, peculiarities of economic development of Alaska, and national security interests of the state. The questions of interaction of Arctic states with regards to defense cooperation become increasingly relevant. Consideration of the mid-term and long-term prospects of U.S. Arctic policy allowed the author focusing attention on the news aspects of U.S. government actions. Maritime capabilities of the United States in the Arctic waters are views in the context of modern tendencies. The author attempted to trace the prospects for expansion of U.S. influence in the Arctic Region based on the current agenda of 2019.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0706.2020.1.30207

Abstract: The subject of this research consists in determination of legal component of creation and functionality of the technological strategic alliances, taking into account Russian experience and the experience of other countries. The article reveals that the agreement-based strategic alliances are assigned the key position, as such structures ensure sustainable and effective development of technological sector of the economy of each country. Based on the analysis of international and Russian experience, systematic review and author’s conclusions are presented the peculiarities of creation of such structures. The author analyzes the possible forms of establishment of strategic alliance with participation of the Russian companies. The creation of such treaty-based unions may become an instrument for stemming the operational risks for particular participants, since the reduction in transaction costs and influence of synergism of the business approximate an organization to achieving strategic goals. It is underlined that there is currently a number of objective obstacles in establishment of the long-term partnership relations between the Russian and foreign subjects and creation of transnational associations.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0706.2020.1.32011

Abstract: The subject of this research is the activity of Moscow Law Society (1865-1899). Its work is demonstrated in legal and political aspect of the development of public self-organization in Russia in the late XIX century. Emphasis is made on the aspects of activity of the organization pertinent to sociopolitical problematic, development of legal culture, ideas and practices of legal state, as well as contribution of members of the society to the development of liberal movement. The author also analyzes publishing activity of the society, and collaboration with the county self-governance. It is demonstrated that over the time of its existence, Moscow Law Society walked the path from a coterie in the university, which main goal was the discussion of questions of judicial reform and law, to the social significant organization that turned into a political association. The testimony to that is the particular results achieved by the society, as well as the actions of authorities with regards to its closure.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0706.2020.1.31962

Abstract: The subject of this research is the separate provisions of legislation on elections, as well as the law enforcement practice in light of their correspondence with legislation on countering corruption – the new vector of research in electoral law. The object of this research is the social relations in the area of elections. The author examines the instance of consolidating the powers of the territorial electoral commission and electoral commission of a municipal formation, as well as the practice of information support of elections by mass media, established by the candidates and political parties. Special attention is paid to the corruption risks. Methodology is based on the sociological approach to corruption reflected in the works of Pierre Bourdieu, particularly the practice of delegation of powers. The following conclusions were made: 1) since electoral commissions are not under supervision of the prosecutor’s office, there is a gap in delegation of the functions of control over the decisions, actions or inactions of electoral commissions; 2) delegation of the function of information support of elections by mass media established by the political parties and candidates contains corruption risks. The author’s special contribution consists in recommendations aimed at overcoming political inequality in electoral process with reference to the indicated problems. The novelty consists in application of sociological approach towards examining the practice of holding elections.