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Abstract: By touching upon the questions related to the mental structure of nations, we are entering the sphere of researches which excel neither in acute methods nor in proved facts. Mental anthropology actually does not exist as a science because a so-called ethno-psychology actually studies psychology of collective life, so it has a completely different circle of researches. The author well shows what ethnic psychology was like a century ago and what its today’s perspectives are.

Keywords: psychology, mental races, psyche, psychic character, types, anthropology, ethnopsychology, physiology, civilization, eugenics.

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Abstract: Psychological science in general has a contradictory situation related to the conception of extremism as it is used in ideology, political and other sciences connecting with national and trans-confession identity. Extremism is a poly-semantic term (i.e. it has many meanings). The phenomenon of extremism is also manysided and this is why it would be appropriate to view this phenomenon from different points of view using all the variety of approaches and methods of modern science. Theoretical interpretation of the definition of extremism has both a meaning both for science, ideology and politics.

Keywords: psychology, extremism, tolerance (intolerance), identity (self-identity), egocentrism, counter-culture, nihilism, estrangement, conflict, personal style.

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Abstract: The article is devoted to several topics. The author of the article analyzes the contribution of methodology into modern anthropological revolution. First of all, it is connected with technological approach and projective attitude towards thinking. The article also discusses the definition of the term ‘methodological practice’. The author shows that this term is partly Marxian and it creates an integrated approach to studying it and such approach involved a pragmatist approach, development and reformation. These provisions are illustrated and disclosed based on the history of the Moscow Methodological Club. By the example of the project of new sexuality, Foucault described both positive and negative influence of methodology on human.

Keywords: psychology, activity, practice, methodology, development, reflection, projection, anthropology, realization, psychotechnics.

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Abstract: The article gives the summary of modern views on the nature of image and describes a few approaches to the definition of mental images and relevant theories and classification. The emphasis is made on existence of the two systems of information processing: imaginative and verbal. The author describes the levels of summarizing of the processed information within each system. The author makes an assumption that imaginative information undergoes a few levels of processing and images of a certain order are being processed at each level. Orders are defined by analogy with the levels of integration into the second signaling system. Images of the zero order are sensitive images, images of the first order are similar to eidetic memory, images of the second order are classical secondary images, orders of the third order exist in the form of a contour — summarized images. Orders of the fourth order are special transformations, images of the fifth order — non-verbal etalons of moral, philosophical and mathematical generalizations.

Keywords: psychology, images, mental images, secondary images, first signaling system theory of dual coding, imagens, vivid representation, propositional representation, images of higher order.

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Abstract: The author analyzes peculiarities of communication processes in various types and situations of intellectual activity of blind people. Most attention is paid at specific features of communication between blind people and people who can see, on transfer of information in the process of teaching, formation cognitive sphere of blind people and indirect interaction between communication and sources of information. The author thoroughly describes the questions of involving blind people in he world of art and characterizes a special role of ethics in communication between bind people and those who can see.

Keywords: psychology, communication, personality, intellect, information, perception, codes, cogitation, adaptation, compensation.

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Abstract: Appearance of trans-personal psychology has drastically changed interpretations of a symbol. It showed philosophical and anthropological depths of this phenomenon and allowed to interpret it from the point of view of a perinatal experience. At the same time, it deepened the conception about transcendental nature of a symbol, too. We learnt to identify ourselves with other people, animals, plants and non-organic elements in our trans-personal feelings. It helped us to learn something new about ourselves, other people, nature and universe and gave us a deep understanding of unconscious drivers of our psyche.

Keywords: philosophy, psychology, human, unconsciousness, symbol, archetype, image, matrix, mythology, feelings.

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Abstract: Viewed as the form of personal organization of life activity, self-organization of life time can be considered to be a personal resource. The author of the article defines the main forms of self-organization of life time such as: reflective or axiological; critical and rigid. The author also provides their definitions. He proves that the reflective form of self-organization of life time is the best personal resource of stress coping behavior and mean an actual opportunity to cope with a number of personal and life problems. Critical and rigid forms of self-organization of life time mean a deficit of inner resources and a weak capability to fight with life difficulties. People who mostly use critical and rigid ways of self-organization of life time more often use such defense mechanisms as avoidance, aggressive and asocial actions when coping with stress.

Keywords: psychology, personality, crisis ways, self-organization, time, life, stress coping, behavior, resource.

Abstract: The article is devoted to a form of socialization through anti-social play activity typical for teenagers’ communities during the 2000th in post-Soviet countries. Such teenagers’ games are analyzed from the point of view of social conceptions by Huizinga, Debora, Ortega y Gasset, Baudrillard as well as the most significant achievements of Russian education by Vygotsky, Makarenko and others. The article will be of interest to teachers and leaders of special organizations as well as for parents whose children are growing teenagers.

Keywords: psychology, teenagers, re-socialization, deviation, sub-culture, asocial, society, activity, game, approach.

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Abstract: At the present time the change of priorities and social values in our country requires an improvement of teaching process in professional education. This is the competent approach to the problem which is in the center of attention and raises questions of professional and personal development of a future specialist, his successful adaptation to the market, social and professional societies. This article reveals teaching and psychological conditions and methods of formation of social and professional competence.

Keywords: teaching, competence, education, context, conditions, social and professional, specialist, development, education, active methods.

Abstract: Women’s level of anxiety often relates to such situations as a) trimester of pregnancy (which has been already proved by other researchers earlier); b) the way a woman perceives stressful events and situations; c) previous experience of pregnancy (whether the pregnancy is the first one or not).

Keywords: gy, problems, pregnancy, anxiety, stressful events, trimester of pregnancy, perception of events, physical health, psychological problems, safe maternity.

Abstract: The article analyzes peculiar terms of the apparatus of positive psychology and its opportunity to adapt and transform in Russian psychology. The author of the article makes several important remarks related to purposes and software of the most significant trends of possible development of positive psychology in Russia.

Keywords: psychology, positive, terminology, inner, force, education, programs, communication, happiness, conscience.

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