DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2020.2.32467

Abstract: The subject of this research is the subjective personal traits as markers of satisfaction with the work of employees of two branches of the department of internal affairs, differing in level of personal freedom in service: district police officers and officers of separate detail of security and convoy of suspected and convicted criminals. The goal of this article is to determine the group of subjective traits that can be viewed as markers of satisfaction with work of employees, and be used during professional selection and preventative work with the personnel of the organization. The research was conducted with 98 officers of two branches of the department of internal affairs: 49 district police officers and 49 officers of separate detail of security and convoy of suspected and convicted criminals. The method of multiple regression analysis allows establishing the most informative subjective markers of overall satisfaction with the work of the personnel of the following posts: for district police officers – motivation of achievement, inner discipline and internality in the area of family relations; for officers of separate detail of security and convoy of suspected and convicted criminal – flexibility in solving tasks, need to form and support camaraderie and stable interpersonal relations, as well as absence of prevalent need for diversity and change. These markers will be in demand during selection of candidates for the service in the branches of the department of internal affairs, as they provide good indication for high likelihood of satisfaction with the work of the officers.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2020.2.32460

Abstract:   The subject of this research is the components of professional identity of the students gaining qualification in psychology. The goal of this work consists in description of typological peculiarities of professional identity of future psychologists. In the current socio-psychological conditions lead the requirements towards professionals increase, and imply maximal manifestation of professional qualities, clear self-identification with their profession, as well as the ability to constantly develop within the social environment. The research of the typological peculiarities of future psychologists can aid in choosing the professional vector, and increase the level of mastery within the selected field. For the qualitative analysis of the polling data, the author applied the STATISTICA 10 software (k-means clustering method). The article highlights the parameters of components of professional identity of a future psychologist, and proposes methods of studying professional identity of students majoring in psychology. The content of components of professional identity contributes to formation of various professional types of future psychologists: the acquired types differ in content and level of development of the components of professional identity. Based on the results of empirical research the author determines three types of future psychologists: active, person-oriented, and reflexive. The author makes recommendations on professional direction using the acquired student profiles.  

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2020.2.32431

Abstract: The subject of this research is the question of balance in application of quantitative and qualitative methods of research in studying the problems of inclusive education and personality with special educational needs. The goal is to demonstrate that the use of qualitative methods gives objective results even on the small sample of persons under test. The novelty consists in proving the fact that qualitative methods of research have substantial priority in examination of inclusive problems of inclusive personality. The conducted empirical research illustrated that it is possible to effectively identify coping strategies for the students with limited health conditions as well as normotypical, using the autobiographical method on the small sample of persons under test. Analysis of the problems of inclusive education oriented towards considering inclusive needs of the students with disabilities can be efficiently realized using the methods that do not suggest studying the large array of information and wide range of participants of the research. The absence of quantitative data processing in qualitative research of inclusive education is not considered a shortcoming of such research.  

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2020.2.33035

Abstract: The authors refer to the history of prerevolutionary psychology in Russia. The national prerevolutionary philosophical psychology is viewed as a special discipline of psychological science at the turn of the XIX – XX centuries. The article underlines the existence of problem of terminological designation, as well as substantive understanding of psychological ideas of this direction in history of Russian psychology. The authors define philosophical psychology as a broad independent discipline within the national psychological science of the late XIX – early XX centuries, in the context of which develop the ideas of substantiality of soul, irreducible only to the matter and manifesting in various aspects (spiritual, emotional, material, physiological), possessing the qualities of free will and self-comprehension. This theoretical research sets a goal to determine and analyze the concept of Russian philosophical psychology at the turn of the XIX – XX centuries. Leaning on the ideas of S. S. Gogotsky, V. A. Snegirev, S. N. Trubetskoy, S. L. Frank, G. I. Chelpanov, G. G. Shpet and P. D. Yurkevich, the authors highlight the key provisions of the national prerevolutionary philosophical psychology as an integral approach towards studying human soul: 1) it views soul as a substance, a special dimension of being that cannot be reduced only to the content of consciousness, processes, functions or particular emotional phenomena; 2) it explains the “vitality” of soul, its living flow and constant transformation; 3) it differentiates emotional phenomena from physical, and describes their special characteristics; 4) it defines awareness and rationality as the leading qualities of emotional phenomena; 5) it considers human personality and human “Self” as subject of soul; 6) it is a comprehensive study of soul that includes examination of its different sides (spiritual dimension, emotional dimension (consciousness), physiological responses); it determines self-observation (introspection) as the leading psychological method. The conducted research underlines the relevance of referring to the heritage of philosophical psychology for the history and methodology of psychology, as well as solution of the current scientific, spiritual and practical problems of psychology.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2020.2.29358

Abstract: The subject of this research is the coping behavior strategies within the structure of optical-spatial activity among the patients with chronic conditions of locomotor system. The theoretical parts of the article examines the topic of coping behavior in the context of somatic disease, optical-spatial activity, and interrelation between them. Analysis is conducted on the factors affecting the coping behavior in the normal and in the condition of illness. The author describes the significance of perception of own body in the formation of spatial functions within the framework of general development of cognitive functions and impact upon coping behavior. The empirical part of this work presents the results of survey that involved 60 respondents (men and women, aged from 18 to 60). The participants were divided into equal groups: control and empirical (which included patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Bekhterev's disease and psoriatic arthritis). The author describes the research results of coping behavior strategies, frustration responses, and state of cognitive functions; conducts qualitative analysis of interrelation between cognitive sphere and coping behavior. The main conclusion consists in determination of correlation between the disease of locomotor system and coping behavior due to the effect of pain upon spatial functions. The relevance of acquires results is substantiated by the need in psychological support of the patients with chronic conditions of locomotor system in order to promote a habit of following doctor’s recommendations and formation of adaptive coping strategies.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2020.2.32926

Abstract: An evident technological progress in the area of preservation of life and improvement of its quality, also due to dynamic development of transplantology, is accompanied by active antagonism towards this process, caused by diverse phenomena. In a number of cases, such attitudes are a threat to human life and wellbeing, although in some situations may manifest as the factors of healthy conservatism. Among these phenomena are the religious beliefs that take roots in the archaic “stages” of mental reality (which does not mean automatic inadequacy). All these occurrences require meticulous scientific examination. The authors apply multidisciplinary approach that includes in-depth psychological, religious, philosophical and medical approaches. The following conclusions were made: 1) among a significant amount of churched believers attributed to both Christian and Muslim faiths, the topic of transplantology is associated with a strong unconscious conflict; 2) this conflict is also referred to the sphere of archaic religiousness that partially relates to the perception of “shadow” sides of human psyche and to the “paranoid-schizoid” layer; 3) based on the aforementioned arguments, there is a need for conducting an additional large-scale research of defense mechanisms emerging in the context of perception of the phenomena of transplantology; 4) some believers should clarify the attitude on transplantology for themselves (either negative or positive); no obvious differences  are determined between the Orthodox or Muslim believers with regards to transplantology.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2020.2.33037

Abstract: The subject of this research is the validity of patterns and diagnostic tools applied in socionics. Socionics is viewed as a typological concept within the framework of cognitive psychology that describes peculiarities of a person in digesting one or another type of information using the method of modeling. Statistical verification of separate positions of socionic model is widely used in such spheres as professional orientation, teambuilding, conflict settlement, marketing, etc. The article examines the questions of logical-mathematical model applied in socionics. Analysis is conducted on correlation between one of the socionics parameters “extraversion – introversion” of the five-factor questionnaire “Big Five” personality traits and the composing primary factors. The scientific novelty consists in acquisition of the statistically significant results that confirm the hypothesis on correlation between the socionics parameter “extraversion – introversion” and the scale “extraversion – introversion” in a five-factor personality traits questionnaire. The author also established interconnection with the socionics criterion of all primary parameters comprising the scale “extraversion – introversion”, namely “activeness – passiveness”, “dominance – subordination”, “search – avoidance of attention”, “search – avoidance of impressions”, “friendliness – reservedness”. Comparative analysis was carried out on interrelation of primary parameters with socionic type. Possibility of application of five-factor personality traits questionnaire for primary diagnostics of socionic parameter “extraversion – introversion” is substantiated. The obtained results justify the viability of further experimental research of socionic model.