Abstract: The article is devoted to the everyday life in a shared apartment of a soviet type in the light of psychological and social studies. The author underlined the eccentric nature of such a life style. The article also contains description of ‘communal’ traditions and morals.

Keywords: psychology, philosophy, sociology, everyday life in a shared apartment, traditions, system of morals, human relations, homo sovieticus

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.5.7975

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.1.17936

Abstract: The subject of research is the professional psycho-philosophical activity. The author focuses on the schizoid and hysteroid types which are regarded as extreme poles of philosophical activity. As part of the comparative analysis of the two types of characters the researcher discusses the content of philosophy, dominant type of activity, specific style of writing and speech, teaching, manner and terms of reading. The material of the study is the biographical facts from the life of famous philosophers (Socrates, Hegel, Nietzsche), and their philosophies. The author of the article uses the comparative method of analysis, biographical method, analysis of creative products. The author applies the principles of characterological and patografical research. The main conclusion of the research is the thesis about the existence of the two extreme psychological poles of professional philosophical activity: the schizoid and hysteroid. The author also takes into account the bipolar types: schizo-hysteroid and hystero-schizoid. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author gives a description of Socrates and Nietzsche as schizo-hysteroid types.

Keywords: professional activity, Nietzsche, Hegel, Socrates, accentuation, philosophy, character, hysteroid, schizoid, characterology (character analysis)

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.1.67645

Abstract: The subject of research is the professional psycho-philosophical activity. The author focuses on the schizoid and hysteroid types which are regarded as extreme poles of philosophical activity. As part of the comparative analysis of the two types of characters the researcher discusses the content of philosophy, dominant type of activity, specific style of writing and speech, teaching, manner and terms of reading. The material of the study is the biographical facts from the life of famous philosophers (Socrates, Hegel, Nietzsche), and their philosophies. The author of the article uses the comparative method of analysis, biographical method, analysis of creative products. The author applies the principles of characterological and patografical research. The main conclusion of the research is the thesis about the existence of the two extreme psychological poles of professional philosophical activity: the schizoid and hysteroid. The author also takes into account the bipolar types: schizo-hysteroid and hystero-schizoid. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author gives a description of Socrates and Nietzsche as schizo-hysteroid types.

Keywords: professional activity, Nietzsche, Hegel, Socrates, accentuation, philosophy, character, hysteroid, schizoid, characterology (character analysis)

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.4.11515

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.4.64220

Abstract: The subject under review is the delusion of Karamazov and the image of devil seen by Ivan. In this regard, the author analyzes different views that exist in critical literature on the matter perceiving Karamasov’s devil as a metaphysical ‘guest’ from the Hell or a personified part of Karamazov’s personality appearing in his delusive imagination; medical explanation of Ivan Karamazov’s psychological state based on Dostoevsky’s disease, interpretation of Ivan’s delusions based on the psychological analysis of Ivan’s features, interpretation of Ivan Karamazov as a rebel, sinner and atheist who eventually suffered from the split personality disorder; interpretation of the devil as the vaudeville hero and discovery of the neomyphilogism phenomenon and the ‘twinism’ motive. The research method used by the author consists of different types of analyses that complete one another including historical, ethical and philosophical, psychological, literary and comparative analysis. The scientific importance and novelty of the research is the creation of the author’s conception of Ivan Karamazov’s mental disorder. According to the author, trying to find answers to the global questions, Ivan Karamazov, in fact, lived in his own world of ideas and constant ‘fight with God’ (E. Soloviev’s expression). The author shows that Ivan lived in the ‘being-for-himself’ and this is why, despite his nervousness, he could understand the ‘guest from the Hell’ quite well and had arguments on ethics and philosophy with him. This is quite a new approach to the question and the author makes the conclusions based on this approach. The author concludes that Karamazov’s emotional and psychological state can be defined as the manifestation of the ‘human-devil’ binary archetype that appeared as a result of Ivan’s transcendency ‘inside’ and ‘outside’ and therefore it is not a pathology but an acute deviation of his mind explicated by Dostoevsky for the purpose of a better expression of alternative images in one’s self.

Keywords: Fyodor Dostoevsky, the Karamazov Brothers, Ivan Karamazov, psychological analysis of the main hero, the image of the imp/devil, disorder and delusion, spiritual world of a human, human’s soul, twin, demonism, ‘twinism’.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.6.19864

Abstract: This article features the phenomenon of alienation at teenage age and describes types of such alienation. The phenomenon of alienation reveals as one of aspects of subjective experience of loneliness. The authors base their research on the assumption that alienation is a result of violation of personality relations with himself or herself and the other world. Due to the fact that it is the adolescence that plays a crucial role in developing a personal perception of the world and basic forms of interaction with the world, alienation problem becomes particularly acute. The authors of the article describe the structure of alienation felt by teenagers through experience of loneliness and analyze the phenomenon of alientation taking into account gender differences. Serious changes occur at the age of adolescence. These changes involve, first of all, famly relations, relations with peers, studies, activity and activity results, self-concept and attitude towards society. This is the age when existential questions appear as well. Based on one's existential idea of loneliness a person learns to value or not to value situations when he or she is alone and whether he or she can use such situations as a resource for internal dialogue, personal growth and development. Based on the results of the research the author substantiates the psychological work with the teen group aimed at creating and strengthening the positive loneliness, promoting internal self-communication with its subsequent exteriorization.

Keywords: feeling, isolation, pleasure of a privacy, privacy resource, self-alienation, loneliness, alienation, teenager, alienation types, need for the company

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.6.68237

Abstract: This article features the phenomenon of alienation at teenage age and describes types of such alienation. The phenomenon of alienation reveals as one of aspects of subjective experience of loneliness. The authors base their research on the assumption that alienation is a result of violation of personality relations with himself or herself and the other world. Due to the fact that it is the adolescence that plays a crucial role in developing a personal perception of the world and basic forms of interaction with the world, alienation problem becomes particularly acute. The authors of the article describe the structure of alienation felt by teenagers through experience of loneliness and analyze the phenomenon of alientation taking into account gender differences. Serious changes occur at the age of adolescence. These changes involve, first of all, famly relations, relations with peers, studies, activity and activity results, self-concept and attitude towards society. This is the age when existential questions appear as well. Based on one's existential idea of loneliness a person learns to value or not to value situations when he or she is alone and whether he or she can use such situations as a resource for internal dialogue, personal growth and development. Based on the results of the research the author substantiates the psychological work with the teen group aimed at creating and strengthening the positive loneliness, promoting internal self-communication with its subsequent exteriorization.

Keywords: feeling, isolation, pleasure of a privacy, privacy resource, self-alienation, loneliness, alienation, teenager, alienation types, need for the company

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.10.22114

Abstract: The subject of the research is the psychological state of minors bearing in mind that the modern world is becoming more powerful in innovative technologies. It is difficult to imagine human activity from which the computer is completely excluded. It is undeniable that technological innovation of life to But reached the top, humanity is faced with the so-called side effects, are identified at the younger generation. Computer addiction is doing great and irreparable harm, affecting the psyche of young people.The research methodology involves the analysis of scientific literature in order to analyze and identify the causes of scientific novelty of deviant behavior of minors related to computer innovations. The main conclusion is that against the background of strained mental space is the formation of delinquent behavior. Unlawful conduct of a minor in nature means that there is an internal conflict, as well as a conflict between the individual and society - between individual aspirations and the public interest. Further, it should be noted that the destructive behavior of minors is the result of an internal desire to meet their needs, which means to change the psychological imbalance to psychological balance, in spite of public opinion.

Keywords: a sense of satisfaction, dependent behavior, mental development, upbringing, emotions of anger, craving, fear, aggression, minor, game addiction

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.10.68619

Abstract: The subject of the research is the psychological state of minors bearing in mind that the modern world is becoming more powerful in innovative technologies. It is difficult to imagine human activity from which the computer is completely excluded. It is undeniable that technological innovation of life to But reached the top, humanity is faced with the so-called side effects, are identified at the younger generation. Computer addiction is doing great and irreparable harm, affecting the psyche of young people.The research methodology involves the analysis of scientific literature in order to analyze and identify the causes of scientific novelty of deviant behavior of minors related to computer innovations. The main conclusion is that against the background of strained mental space is the formation of delinquent behavior. Unlawful conduct of a minor in nature means that there is an internal conflict, as well as a conflict between the individual and society - between individual aspirations and the public interest. Further, it should be noted that the destructive behavior of minors is the result of an internal desire to meet their needs, which means to change the psychological imbalance to psychological balance, in spite of public opinion.

Keywords: a sense of satisfaction, dependent behavior, mental development, upbringing, emotions of anger, craving, fear, aggression, minor, game addiction

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2015.10.16205

Abstract: External phenomenology of hatred, especially the most obvious displays such as aggression, social conflicts and violence, says very little about the essence of the phenomenon. The nature of this phenomenon is difficult to be understood by the means of conscious reflection and logic. Appealing to the teachings about unconsciousness opens the way to understanding mysteries and paradoxes of hatred as a specific human phenomenon and uncovers the fact that hatred is intimately connected with other feelings and passions, first of all, it is dialectically connected with love. Reviewing psychoanalytical theories of hatred, the author develops the concept of hatred as a complex anthropological phenomenon with biological, social and existential roots. In her research Chugunova combines the two research methodologies, the first one is based on the paradigm of theoretical psychoanalysis and the second one is based on the tradition of philosophical anthropological analysis. Hatred is viewed as a natural element of human psyche. It performs a defensive and initiating function at early stages of the development of human psyche and protective function at the stage of maturity. However, social and cultural effects of the society expand hatred and make it destructive, thus distorting human nature and catalyzing social disasters. On the one hand, the image of 'hateful human' is viewed as an inseparable yet ancillary feature of personality, on the other hand, it is a special anthropological phenomenon creating the basis for hatred. 

Keywords: hatred, passion, animosity, love, libido, mortido, psychoanalysis, unconsciousness, destructiveness, freedom

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2015.10.67169

Abstract: External phenomenology of hatred, especially the most obvious displays such as aggression, social conflicts and violence, says very little about the essence of the phenomenon. The nature of this phenomenon is difficult to be understood by the means of conscious reflection and logic. Appealing to the teachings about unconsciousness opens the way to understanding mysteries and paradoxes of hatred as a specific human phenomenon and uncovers the fact that hatred is intimately connected with other feelings and passions, first of all, it is dialectically connected with love. Reviewing psychoanalytical theories of hatred, the author develops the concept of hatred as a complex anthropological phenomenon with biological, social and existential roots. In her research Chugunova combines the two research methodologies, the first one is based on the paradigm of theoretical psychoanalysis and the second one is based on the tradition of philosophical anthropological analysis. Hatred is viewed as a natural element of human psyche. It performs a defensive and initiating function at early stages of the development of human psyche and protective function at the stage of maturity. However, social and cultural effects of the society expand hatred and make it destructive, thus distorting human nature and catalyzing social disasters. On the one hand, the image of 'hateful human' is viewed as an inseparable yet ancillary feature of personality, on the other hand, it is a special anthropological phenomenon creating the basis for hatred. 

Keywords: unconsciousness, psychoanalysis, mortido, libido, love, animosity, passion, hatred, destructiveness, freedom

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2015.11.17065

Abstract: In his article Spektor builds the relationship between the terms "norm" and "pathology". According to the author of the article, if "normal" existence is disconnected by time (existential), which is symptompatically defined as the "ecstasy of the future", abnormal existence is, in fact, falling into the source, pathos of the past (atavism) and initial state of obsession (when obsession is the point at which the "norm" and "deviation" triggered by "creative intuition"  cross; but through outlining the "horror" and life-towards-death, pathology of existential norm is revealed). It is shown either in the form of obsession (paranoia) reduction or in the form of initial (schizophrenic) disintegrations, pathology still should be viewed as the shear of the initial, its 'raw' nature, which is revealed not only as the loss of external (cultural) mechanisms but also destruction and reduction to non-established fragmentation (true out-of-structure Id). The method of research is based on the the analysis and historical reconstruction of the state of obsession as a primary historical 'norm' which eventually acquired the nature of "pathology". Scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author proves that psychiatric pathology reproduces the initial "transition" that was initially exposed to Id subjected to traumatic shock which, in its turn, caused frenzy and depersonalization, paranoid reactions and psychotic states serving as a frame of "obsession". Orientation at denying involuntary actions doesn't allow to reproduce traditional ways of socialization and therapy; at the same time, such symptoms of schizophrenia as regression and general degradation are, in fact, the reduction of psyche to Id as the initial self-denying complex but not the molecular essence of Id. 

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2015.11.67217

Abstract: In his article Spektor builds the relationship between the terms "norm" and "pathology". According to the author of the article, if "normal" existence is disconnected by time (existential), which is symptompatically defined as the "ecstasy of the future", abnormal existence is, in fact, falling into the source, pathos of the past (atavism) and initial state of obsession (when obsession is the point at which the "norm" and "deviation" triggered by "creative intuition"  cross; but through outlining the "horror" and life-towards-death, pathology of existential norm is revealed). It is shown either in the form of obsession (paranoia) reduction or in the form of initial (schizophrenic) disintegrations, pathology still should be viewed as the shear of the initial, its 'raw' nature, which is revealed not only as the loss of external (cultural) mechanisms but also destruction and reduction to non-established fragmentation (true out-of-structure Id). The method of research is based on the the analysis and historical reconstruction of the state of obsession as a primary historical 'norm' which eventually acquired the nature of "pathology". Scientific novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the author proves that psychiatric pathology reproduces the initial "transition" that was initially exposed to Id subjected to traumatic shock which, in its turn, caused frenzy and depersonalization, paranoid reactions and psychotic states serving as a frame of "obsession". Orientation at denying involuntary actions doesn't allow to reproduce traditional ways of socialization and therapy; at the same time, such symptoms of schizophrenia as regression and general degradation are, in fact, the reduction of psyche to Id as the initial self-denying complex but not the molecular essence of Id. 

Keywords: schizophrenia, paranoia, initiation, super Ego, Id, degradation, obsession, pathology, norm, symptom

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.12.10085

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.12.63714

Abstract: The purpose of research is to study particular factors hindering from successful treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis and develop certain recommendations based on the study. The research involved 72 patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis — 48 males and 24 females aged from 22 to 56. Research methods included standard clinical, X-ray, laboratory and functional tests as well as the author’s questionnaire prepared in accordance with the innovation proposal No. 512 developed by Samara Medical Military Institute. The aforesaid questionnaire consists of four sections and allows to define the order of treatment, difficulties that arise in the process of treatment, will, suggestibility, treatment satisfaction and attitude to possible disability. Obtained data was statistically processed by using the SRSS program. Patients who have been diagnosed tuberculosis for the first time are influenced by such factors decreasing the efficiency of treatment as a need to pay for medical procedures, complications after injections and treatment fatigue. Patients who have already been sick for quite a long period of time may miss their doctor’s appointments and medical procedures, stop their treatment without permission and suffer from side effects of medicine. Patients who had infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis demonstrated statistically valid differences from other patients. Patients who have infiltrative tuberculosis tend to believe that they will actually overcome the disease and this specific feature they have should be used as a motivation to proceed with the treatment. In case of patients who have chronic tuberculosis, a doctor should monitor side effects and adjust their prescription. If a patient is suggestible, a doctor should suggest the thought that the treatment will be a success. If a patient is not suggestible, a doctor should use rational instructions and inform about the progress of the disease and methods of treatment.

Keywords: pulmonary tuberculosis, social need in efficient treatment, factors hindering from successful treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, psychological methods increasing efficiency of treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.12.13625

Abstract:

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.12.65939

Abstract: The author of the article emphasizes the fact that many scientific discoveries that have been made over the past decades still don’t have a substantive philosophical elaboration. As a result, many human sciences suffer from reductionism. Reductionism is when complex processes are reduced to simple ones. For example, biology as a study of human nature often generalize particular conclusions. This leads to a simplified concept of human. In her research Egorova analyzes the problem of reductionism based on biology and etc. Today’s biology, anatomy and physiology provide enormous empiric data about the functioning of a human body. In her research Egorova has used the methods of philosophical anthropology that views human both as an animal and non-animal. Based on the researcher, a simple application of facts regarding the natural world does not create a complete understanding of human. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the researcher suggests we should view the phenomenon of reductionism again. Long ago philosophers proved that method to be ineffective in explaining different phenomena. However, reductionism has grown popular over the last decades again. Reductionism is particularly denied by philosophical anthropology because it creates an incomplete and incorrect picture of human.

Keywords: philosophy, psychology, biology, reductionism, science, method, philosophical anthropology, physiology, genetics, hierarchy.