Psychology and Psychotechnics - rubric Keys to creativity

Abstract: Resume: the article is devoted to semiotics as one of the most effective methods of studying modern cultural texts. The author views culture as a very complex system of signs and it allows him to apply semiotic analysis to all kinds of cultural objects. According to the author, the process of “semiotizaton” of human studies, which has been quite intensive in the last decades, is mainly conditioned by changes occurring in the status of modern semiotics. Applying methods of structural linguistics to cultural objects has enabled the author to define an “ideological program” and to show how it works, how it structures itself and how it influences other cultural practices. The article has a mostly methodological significance.

Keywords: culture, semiotics, text, sign, language, method, analysis, interpretation, meaning, criticism

Abstract: Review: understanding a human genius shouldn’t be a goal in and of itself. Studying the genius is just an attempt to look at timeless issues with the eyes of genius people who revealed “the invisible” through an insight. Being very unpredictable and extraordinary, the phenomenon of genius has often provoked various readings and even idle speculation. Key words: psychology, creative work, creativity, talent, giftedness, genius, spirituality, up-bringing, self-actualization

Abstract: The author shows that the creativity of nature, the formation of new forms and structures in it and the creative activities of a man obey united laws of self-organization and self-completing of complex structures, of appearance of structures out of chaos and of their complication. The model of self-completing of thoughts and images is proposed as a basic one for the understanding of functioning of creative thinking. The modern methods of training of creative thinking are under discussion. Key words: psychology, innovation, intuition, insight, creativity, thinking, self-organization, self-construction, consciousness, creative work

Abstract: What is ‘human’? What makes us human and what makes us different from the animal world? Based on Jung’s works, the author insists that the answer to that question is ‘imagination’. Humans have a specific ability to perceive the world in images and human archetypes are a great example of that.

Keywords: psychology, philosophy, archetype, image, monade, imagination, unconsciousness, monad, imagination, the unconscious, psychoid, instinct, perception, conscience

Abstract: This article is an attempt to view the phenomenon of genius from different points of view. The author of the article describes and compares various interpretations of genius starting from German philosophers of the 18th – 19th centuries up to Kedrova’s idea about overcoming of the learning and psychological barrier of a scientist. The author of the article denies interpretation of genius as something belonging only to the sphere of art and draws our attention at the reality of genius in science proving that scientific activity does have a creative beginning and a possible of insight. The author also touches upon the problems of interpretation of a genius creation.

Keywords: psychology, genius, creativity, science, creation, talent, will, intuition, interpretation.

Abstract: Myth is born at the moment when biological existence splits apart. Myth is born there where imagination rules and mind understood what time was. According to the author, cultural evolution resulted in globalization and modification of the myth which has reached its final stage, - the myth of ‘information society’. Such progressive modernization does not consider the psyche though which is unable to transform itself in a rigid system of orthogonal coordinates of physical and psychic realities. However, there where the natural world of conscious ends, intuition and imagination free themselves from fear and can open a new stage as a result of revolutionary and metaphysical transformation of psyche.

Keywords: psychology, myth, evolution, adaptation, psyche, eidetic mind, rationalism

Abstract: The author defined the methodology of studying the human genius. The conception of ‘human genius’ is viewed as the synthesis of such concepts as creative gift and vocation, spirit and spirituality and genius. Genius is considered to be an essential feature of the humankind. The author revealed the conceptions of ‘spiritual creativity’ and ‘creative idea’ and defined the characteristics of a creative idea. The author also suggests the main goals of studying the human genius: experience of spiritual life of genius people, relation between a talent and a genius, creative work of a genius as providence, genius as a creator of new spiritual worlds and rise of a genius. The author defined the main personal attributes of a genius person: authenticity, creativity, integrated perception, absolute obsession, strive for perfection and others.

Keywords: psychology, philosophy, genius, love, vocation, creative gift, spirituality, talent, spiritual creativity, creative idea

Abstract: The article outlines the pedagogical conditions aimed at the effective formation of local lore competence among the teenagers in additional education: the creation of emotional and stimulating, motivational and valuable background in the process of the formation of local lore competence among the teenagers in additional education; the involvement of teenagers in the local lore activity; substantial and methodical maintenance of the process of the formation of local lore competence in the conditions of additional education.

Keywords: teaching, emotions, stimulation, involvement, formation, provision, teenager, competence, local lore, motivation

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2018.2.25841

Abstract: The object of the research is the talent, the subject of the research is psychological and pedagogical support of gifted students at universities. The authors of the article provide results of the questionnaire that was developed to discover gifted young people as part of the School of Talent project. The concept of the psychological and pedagogical support program is based on the model of J. Renzulli and the idea of diversified potential of talent offered by E. Romanova. Special attention is paid to the description of the means of psychological and pedagogical support of gifted students including the ones that imply psychological training. The main research methods include theoretical method (analysis of researches on the matter), questionnaire survey aimed at finding those who may participate in the project, and psychological tests, in particular, modified version of the creativity inventory of D. Johnson (adopted by E. Tunik). The authors also desribe the experiment that is planned to be carried out as part of the project. Based on the results of the questionnaire survey, the majority of academically successful students have demonstrated the psychomotor (83%) and intellectual (73%) talent. Most of participants evaluate their own creativity level as high or very high (52 % of respondents). As a result, 81 potential participants of the School of Talent have been discovered. From the point of view of psychological and pedagogical support, the most promising talents are, according to the authors of the article, intellectual, social and artistic talent because the development of sports and academic talents requires a more intensive teamwork and interaction with coaches and teachers.

Keywords: talent management, potential, young people, psychology, psychological support, pedagogical support, gifted youth, talent support, talent, capability

Abstract: In his article D. G. Savov analyzes rhythm as a super-segment method of linguistic manipulation. The author bases his proof of super-segment rhythm on the fact that it is a rhythmical grid. As its implementers, the article considers segments of different nature such as extra-linguistic, linguistic and/or para-linguistic methods which take turn in a pattern of rhythm. Such combinations have a functional nature and form different levels of rhythm: basic, additional and dominating. Integration of rhythm components at the level of methods and relevant functions creates a rhythmical grid which influences super-segment linguistic manipulation.

Keywords: psychology, rhythm, tempo rhythm, rhythmical grid, types of rhythm, linguistic manipulation, para-linguistic methods, phonatory, kinesic, proxemic methods.

Abstract: The article discusses the problem of absence of differentiation in teaching foreign languages and broad translation at Russian universities. The author views the concept of competence as the key concept of the Bologna process as well as communicative competence and professional interpreter’s competence as the basic principles of modern lingvo didactics and teaching translation skills respectively. The author analyzes component models of communicative competence and interpreter’s competence and makes certain general conclusiosn on the matter.

Keywords: teaching, Bologna process, communication competence, interpreter’s competence, component linguistic model, differentiation, lingo didactics, broad translation, competence formation

Abstract: Based on Schopenhauer’s ideas, the author appeals to psychological aspects of music making. How can one create music without being able to listen to it? What is the role of music in our life, generally speaking? Is it actually the medicine for the soul?

Keywords: psychology, music, creativity, value, spirit, philosophy, esthetics, genius, fantasy, perception

Abstract: As a part of methodological researches of the principle of subject, the author of the article analyzes the contents of the category ‘subject’ that is used in applied psychology and related to professional activity and personal development in the sphere of profession. It is shown that common definitions of the term ‘subject’ do not go beyond the postulate ‘major specialty’ ad ‘person-and-profession’ system. However, the author defines a new feature of a subject who has reached a high level of professional skills, enters another system — ‘the person and the world’ — and addresses to the category ‘ontological subject’. Only such analysis allows to reveal the entire range of relations with the world that is being realized by a highly skilled specialist in his professional activity.

Keywords: psychology, labor subject, professional activity, professional development, major, person-and-profession system, high level of professional skills, ontological subject, person-and-world system.

Abstract: The article considers the opportunity of using performance as an art-therapy technique. The author describes differences between analytical, phenomenological and post-modernistic approaches to creative work. Being one of the forms of modern action arts, performance is free from virtuality, directive meaning, conceptual restrictions and a traditional conception of audience. Performance allows the audience and the actor to experience a series of therapeutic effects.

Keywords: psychology, performance, post-modernism, audience, meaning, publicity, self-observation, art, arttherapy, creative work

Abstract: The article considers the methods of teaching foreigners, in particular, teaching Russian vocabulary to foreigners. The author analyzes how nationality influences our vocabulary. It is noted that when speaking a foreign language, some serious mistakes can actually change the meaning of a phase and a conversation.

Keywords: method of teaching foreign languages, mechanisms of memory, probability projection, equivalents, connection between memory and imagination

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2022.1.35347

Abstract: The object of the study of the article were some episodes from the childhood of Salvador Dali, left without the attention of scientists. Analytical and biographical methods were chosen as the main research methods. After analyzing the psychoanalytic literature on the problem of trauma, the diary entries of the genius and the research literature about him, some negative situations from the childhood of Salvador Dali were identified. Among them, we will highlight the trauma of birth, the violation of marital fidelity on the part of the father, the specifics of parental education, orienting the child to the ideal in the image of a deceased brother, self-admiration with a mirror image. These injuries contributed to the fact that Salvador Dali became a narcissistic and ambivalent personality. For the first time, the life of a genius is viewed from the perspective of his childhood traumatic experience. Thanks to this, it turned out to be possible to clarify some of the features of the genius's psyche that influenced his life and work. He replaced his own Self with the ideal Self, honing it to perfection and engaging in self-admiration. The genius was an insecure person, hiding behind shocking audacity. All his life, the Spaniard tossed between conflicting feelings, put forward antinomic judgments, could not make decisions. It must be recognized that childhood traumas played not only a negative role in the Spaniard's life manifestations, but also became a source of creativity. Through him, Salvador Dali used artistic means to expose his injuries in the surreal world, trying to reduce their negative pressure on life and rationally work out problems. The traumatic experience of Salvador Dali and its prolonged effect, which formed an ambivalent personality in him, require further study and analysis of the consequences in various creative searches of the genius.

Keywords: creativity, sexual life, shocking, mirror, ambivalent personality, narcissism, ideal, Salvador Dali, childhood trauma, injury

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2022.3.38461

Abstract: The article raises the question of the nature of stage transformation. The psychological concept of N.V. Rozhdestvenskaya's explanation of reincarnation is analyzed, which distinguishes in this phenomenon as an ideal object of science: a) acceptance and emotional assimilation of motives that are dictated by the stage role, b) formation of an attitude to an imaginary situation that allows the artist to act and live in "given circumstances", c) restructuring and functioning of the personality already during the performance in these given circumstances. For comparison, the author analyzes I.I. Silantieva's art criticism concept, in which reincarnation is explained within the framework of the new humanitarian discipline "virtualistics", as well as the explanation of this phenomenon proposed by the author within the framework of the concept of "artistic reality". The similarity of the main differences in all three interpretations of reincarnation is fixed. Then the place is given to L.S. Vygotsky, who sharply objected to the analysis of scenic phenomena in logic that does not take into account their historical development and social nature. The author notes that although psychologists are well acquainted with Vygotsky's cultural-historical theory, they, nevertheless, realizing the view of psychology as an exact science, analyze the psyche, ignoring the cultural-historical approach. He undertakes to fill this gap in relation to reincarnation, showing that this concept was formed quite late, is not characteristic of the director's theater, but in theoretical terms is associated with a certain interpretation of the subject and personality.

Keywords: concepts, conscience, understanding, mentality, theatre, personality, subject, individual, reincarnation, art

Abstract: The article consists of the two parts. The first part has a historical and philosophical nature. This part is devoted to the study of a metaphor explaining the relationship between an individual and society. The second part is psychological. This part is devote to interpretation of the metaphor through an interactionist scheme ‘culture — identity — image’.

Keywords: psychology, individual, group, society, culture, identity, image, symbolic interactionism, body, occupational psychology.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2022.1.36971

Abstract: The article outlines and develops a cultural and psychological concept of art. At the same time, the author starts from the concepts and understanding of the art of M. Bakhtin and L. Vygotsky, which he analyzed in his other works. For a better understanding of the theses, three cases are considered and analyzed: the novel by Israeli writer Meir Shalev "Two Bears Came out of the Forest", a poem by Marina Tsvetaeva and the process of discovering an artistic image by a small child. The author discusses several issues: problems that could worry Shalev and his readers, some features of the author's work that allowed to create an artistic reality of this work, features of artistic reality, a mental mechanism that generates strong emotions of readers. The techniques and expressive means used by Shalev during the creation of his novel are analyzed. The factors (semiotic, personal, cultural) that determine the independent existence of artistic reality, as well as the naturalness and realism of its events are discussed. These events are more real and natural because Shalev opens the way for the reader to the events of artistic reality, allows him to see the whole, emphasizes the most important. Shalev's genius as a storyteller, his wonderful language also plays a big role. It is concluded that the necessary conditions for the creation of artistic reality and the living of its events are the semiosis of art and a special form of human life in art (leisure according to Aristotle, "non-utilitarian form of life", according to the author).

Keywords: semiosis, personality, events, life, reality, composition, concept, art, mentality, author

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2018.3.27269

Abstract: The subject of research in this article is creative activity. The authors raise the problem associated with the role of creative activity in human life. After all, this activity can have a different impact on man and the world. The authors are trying to find a criterion according to which creative activity can be assessed as contributing to the development of life or death. Having defined the concept of "creative activity", the authors distinguish two types of orientation of creative activity: vital and tanatual. Further, the authors characterize the vital and tantalum orientation of creative activity. In this study, we used the methods of comparative and theoretical analysis, as well as the analysis of scientific literature. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the authors are trying to more clearly define the concept of "creative activity". In particular, they are trying to distinguish the concept of "creative activity" from the concept of "creative activity." Using the Hegelian term "withdrawal," the authors try to find a criterion according to which creative activity could be characterized as tantal or vital.The main conclusions of the study are:1. Unlike creative activity, which can be forced, creative activity is always a creative initiative. It can be vital and tantalno oriented.2. The vital orientation of creative activity lies in the fact that this activity is aimed at the removal of actual contradictions existing in the world. Tanatal orientation of creative activity is manifested in its focus on exacerbating the existing contradictions in the world, and not on their removal.

Keywords: self-actualization, individuality, personality, independent activity, self-movement, vitality, creative activity, activity, life, death

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.2.18393

Abstract: The subject of the research is the Old Russian book sources on human nature, his health and illness. The object of the research is anthropological, historical, cultural, ethical and psychological aspects of the concepts of body and soul, life and death, illness and healing. Along with Orthodox religious literature, the authors also analyze Apocrypha and historical primary sources that allow to reconstruct cultural and historical peculiarities of attitude to illness and healing in different monastic communities. Special attention is paid to ethical and psychological aspects of healing. The authors of the article base their research on the interdisciplinary methodology that combines detailed textual analysis and anthropological, ethical and psychological approaches. The main conclusions of the research are the following: attitude to life and death, illness and means of healing was rather contradictory and determined by the idea about body and soul. Rigid ascetic position with the emphasis on physical depravity and denial of natural means of healing and medical practice was completed with the harmonic attitude to body and soul presented in Christianized Platonism. Differentiation between healing and medicine (rational means of treatment) allows to make a conclusion about cultivation of the theurgic therapy with its psychological attributes in Ancient Rus. Nature-aligned (professional) medicine is presented in a number of Apocrypha with astroprognostic components.

Keywords: humoral theory, medicine, spiritual healing, illness, body, psyche, monasteries, books, Ancient Rus, ethics of healing

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.2.67767

Keywords: humoral theory, medicine, spiritual healing, illness, body, psyche, monasteries, books, Ancient Rus, ethics of healing

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.2.10461

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.2.64038

Abstract: The author of this research article offers her own research method for studying the relation between peculiarities of one’s subjective picture of life path and personal creativity for the purpose of developing recommendations on how to train successful, in a wise sense, personalities. The first stage of developing such a method was to form a group of respondents to be tested. The main idea was to analyze relations between creativity peculiarities and the subjective picture of life path demonstrated by successful respondents. The second stage was to select the methods of testing respondents. Based on tests selected, the author has prepared an easy to fill in questionnaire and detailed instructios. In other words, the main idea was to statistically generalize the experience of successful (and, consequently, creative) personalities in building their life paths. In order to make respondents give honest answers to the questions, the author has undertaken certain measures to keep their answers confidential.

Keywords: methods, subjective picture of life path, creativity, personal creativity, divergent thinking, significant event, success, biographic questionnaire, cause-consequence analysis, purpose analysis.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.3.10809

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.3.64103

Abstract: The present research article is devoted to the life and creative work by a famous Russian poet and writer of the XXth century Valery Bryusov. The author of the research article describes Valery Bryusov’s views in terms of the literary movement followed by the writer. This movement is often referred to as Modernism, Decadence or Symbolism. Bryusov’s contemporaries and fellows acknowledged him as the founder of Russian symbolism. By analyzing commemorations of Bryusov’s contemporaries, documentaries from the poet’s archive and his prose, the author of the present research article views factors that contributed to the formation of Bryusov’s literary activities, his personality and world view. The author also studies the influence of social, psychological and mystic tendencies on the poet’s creative work. The author of the research article offers rather new views on the paradox of Valery Bryusov’s personality. From this point of view, the author tries to trace back the shift in Bryusov’s poetic views, his uncontrolled passion for culture, his escape from the past and search for new paths. The author concludes that Valery Bryusov had a very acute feeling of the historical moment and had a very clear vision of the past and the future of Russia.

Keywords: knowledge, myth, Bryusov, reality, symbolism, symbolism, perception of the world, artistic and psychological creativity, personality, culture, fiction.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2015.5.15038

Abstract: In her article Rubtsova analyzes the problem of creating a psychological classification of professional activities taking into account psychological bases of different types of labor, classification categories and application of this classification to psychological determination of requirements set for a labour actor . The researcher examines available information and the current state of the problem. This is a difficult problem to study because there are many widely known psychological classifications of professional activities. When analyzing such problems, methods of systematization and generalization of objects are usually applied. Theoretical and methodological basis of the research involves philosophical and scientific principles of classification and systems approach, constructive method of the classification of mental phenomena, the concept of professional activity and existing classifications of professional activities, job specification, professional competence, professional development and professional identity. According to the author, it is necessary to systematize all the variety of classifications of professional activity based on the main directions of their development. Rubtsova offers the following types of classifications of professional activity: socio-economic classifications that include international, national and industrial classifications; and psychological classifications that include domestic and foreign classifications of a person in labour, Russian and foreign classifications and classification of labour based on the main features of professional activity.

Keywords: psychological requirements, self-realization in the profession, psychology of work, professional activity, psychological content of the work, the principle of creating classifications, psychological classification, employee's personality, labour actor, professional way

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2015.5.66556

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.8.12561

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.8.65389

Abstract: The article focuses on the problems of personal professional identification. The author of the article offers a general definition of ‘personal professional identification’ as an optimal structure (list) of personal professional qualities that allow an individual to be efficient in his work, i.e. to answer the main functional requirements of his profession. The author also analyzes closely associated terms such as ‘personal reliability’, ‘professional reliability’, ‘professional aptitude of an individual’ and ‘personal professional peculiarities’. The author also provides empiric data of personal professional identification in civil service. Theoretical concepts have been proved by the empiric data obtained though comparative analysis of personal professional qualities of workers of different majors. The analysis also involved statistical procedures of correlation analysis and methods of statistical inference. Psychological indicators were obtained by the means of objective, subjective and projective test methods. ‘Personal professional identification’ is a new term introduced into the sphere of psychological research as a structure of signs of a professional psychological phenomenon allowing to distinguish different types of personality versus professions. The concept of personal professional identification also involves the creation of professional psychological models within the framework of practical assessment of human resources for the purpose of career guidance, recruitment and support of workers in the process of their career and personal professional development.

Keywords: personal professional identification, personal reliability, professional reliability, professional aptitude, personal professional peculiarities, structure of professionally important qualities, dynamics of personal professional identification, model of a worker, professional psychological model, regression of personal qualities.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.11.21300

Abstract: Korney Chukovsky is the most widely read author in the history of mankind. Already this fact alone makes it urgent to identify the prerequisites for his creative success. In his article Pudikov analyzes the influence of the facts from the writer's biography, his fascination with the concepts of Freud, Klein, Winnicott, Isaacs, the writer's contacts with Russian and foreign psychologists, on creative writing of Korney Chukovsky, in particular, his book on child psychology "From two to five" which became a bestseller in the USSR. With the help of the historical-biographical method, correspondence of the writer with representatives of the creative intelligentsia, analysis of the writer's notes in the primary sources from his library, the sources of his psychological and pedagogical concept are revealed, comparisons are made with the works of foreign specialists. For the first time in the Russian psychology of creativity the psychoanalytic methodology of the classical author of Russian children's literature is considered, the connections of the position of Chukovsky as a psychologist with the works of his contemporary psychoanalysts are traced. A conclusion is drawn about the psychoanalytic foundation and at the same time the originality of the author's concept of "From two to five", as well as his orientation at the work of representatives of the British school of psychoanalysis.

Keywords: edition, classical author of children's literature, history of psychology, psychoanalysis in the USSR, British school of psychoanalysis, pedagogical literature, children's psychology, psychoanalysis, creative writing of Korney Chukovsky, psychology of creative writing

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.11.68638

Keywords: edition, history of psychology, psychoanalysis in the USSR, British school of psychoanalysis, pedagogical literature, psychoanalysis, creative writing of Korney Chukovsky, psychology of creative writing

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.10.9747

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2013.10.63406

Abstract: The present article is devoted to information communicative competence as an expression of developed system of qualitative characteristics efficiently used for foreign communication. The author views the projective method of formation of information communicative competence as well as the method of computer-assisted training as the most efficient and famous methods today. Modern school does not only prepare students for studying at a university and getting a profession. It is also becoming a very important mean and resource for building competence in different spheres of social life such as making responsible decisions and conducting a dialogue as a form of cooperation and competence. The author of the present article describes innovation-based methods for teaching foreign languages at high school such as using the competency building approach, projective technologies and Internet technologies. Increasing level of general informatization and integration of the global community creates new tendencies in development of the modern language education and sets new targets and goals for pedagogy and teaching of foreign languages. Therefore, determination of adequate and efficient innovation-based technologies in the process of formation of communicative competence of senior students plays a very important role in the modern process of teaching foreign languages. This is a very important goal for school teachers who help school graduate to maintain language competency.

Keywords: secondary school, school student, project activities, Internet, information, communication, approach, competence, pedagogy (teaching), foreign language.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.12.23123

Abstract: This article is devoted to the development of a conceptual and empirically grounded technology to evaluate and forecast professional reliability of drivers. The rationale of this topic is conditioned by the growing number of vehicles and increasing need of the society in professional drivers as well as the need to create accurate and validate evaluation tools for drivers and factors influencing efficiency of their activity. The authors bring about such goals as systematization of current researches devoted to drivers and driving; and development of a psychodiagnostic model for evaluating driver's professional reliability. The experimental research aimed at achieving the aforesaid objectives consisted of two stages. At the first stage the authors selected research parameters, prepared experimental tools and outlined the general plan of the experiment. At the second stage which is going on now the authors create experimential conditions for defining parameters of driver's reliability, collect statistical data to determine different parameters recorded in the course of the experiment and test the technology being developed. Expected results of the research can be used to increase road safety, train drivers at driving schools, increase economic efficiency of auto transport companies, and can be also used by drivers themselves to assess their own level of competence. Implementation of the hardware and software system based on this technology would increase reliability of the human factor and reduce risks of errors.

Keywords: performance evaluation, professional reliability, driver, professionally important qualities, operator reliability, operator, man-machine system, traffic psychology, set of techniques, hardware and software system

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2016.12.68649

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2015.10.16543

Abstract: The article reveals the specifics of the regulatory activity of an actor in difficult situations depending on the intensity of the features of mental state images. The objective of the empirical study was to analyze the formal parameters of mental state image and its relation to the overall regulatory activity. The author of the article has carried out the comparison of the power, structure and intensity of images appearing under various conditions. The author has also studied the differentiated role of the image parameters in an actual situation when reproducing positive experience of problem solution as well as conditions when difficulties are not overcome. The study is based on the provisions of the general methodological concept of conscious self-regulation of voluntary activity as described by V. Morosanova. The author describes the dynamics of subjective features when the level of adaptation to a difficult situation is low as well as the influence of changes in the state image on the overall level of self-regulation. The author proves that the state image has a differentiated influence on regulatory activity. The intensity of the state image determines the processes of situation management as well as the actor's activity in such a situation. These empirical data raises an urgent question regarding the possibility and the need for technical assistance to provide assistance to an individual experiencing a difficult life situation taking into account mechanisms of influence on power, intensity and structure of the image of mental state.

Keywords: the image of the state, volitional activity, self-conscious regulation, power, structured, intensity, difficult life situations, the subject of the situation, adaptation, coping

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2015.10.67168

Keywords: coping, adaptation, actor in a situation, difficult life situations, image of mental state, self-conscious regulation, voluntary activity, power, structured, intensity

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2015.12.17322

Abstract: The object of the present research is the would-be professionals with socio-functional differences (the term offered Maltseva), while the subject of the research is the development of the integral basic assertiveness qualities in the process of formation of their socio-professional subjectivity (another term offered by the researcher). In her research Maltseva specifies and systematizes features attributable to assertiveness. Describing procedural and conceptual features and peculiarities of different approaches to the concept of assertiveness as a process, the author focuses on particular psychotechnics and psychotechnologies that are applied in the sphere of subjective development (the author's term) and help would-be professionals with socio-functional differences to change from viewing themselves as an object, i.e. victim of circumstances, to being a subject of their professional activity capable of controlling their life and constantly developing. In her research Maltseva describes the newest psychological technics, their purpose, essence and proposed result. The researcher also defines the basic features of assertiveness typical for would-be professionals with socio-functional differences as well as the structure and the signs of assertiveness being developed as a quality. Emphasizing the complexity of formation of the socio-professional subjectivity in the field of subjective development of would-be professionals with socio-functional differences, the author of the article reveals the purpose and meaning of each method or psychotherapeutic technic and stresses out that their implementation requires an individual approach which would take into account particular qualities of every group of clients.

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2015.12.67384

Keywords: field of subjective development, self-realization, self-actualization, assertiveness, social and functional differences, socio-professional subjectivity, psycho-technology, congruence, ecology, self-activity

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.12.13630

DOI: 10.7256/2454-0722.2014.12.65938

Abstract: The article is devoted to psychological features of the mind of a successful senior manager. The author of the article describes types of managerial thinking (socially determined, economic and innovative), objects typical for these types, particular features of the mind of a senior manager, etc. Nartsissova also provides arguments demonstrating particularities of the managerial thinking such as the ability to conduct a marketing research for the purpose of creating a small enterprise, to think through and plan a training program for future senior managers of innovative enterprises involving all managerial functions and associated modules (economic evaluation of investments, analysis and diagnostics of the financial and economic activity of an enterprise, intellectual property management and human resources management). The research methodology involves the dialectic approach to psychology, the principle of related cogitation and speech (Lev Vygotsky and Alexander Luria), the cognitive approach of the linguistic theory of argumentation offered by Baranova, the concept of thinking as a process and activity (Rubinshtein and Brushlinsky). When working on the article, Nartsissova has also analyzed statistical data provided by the Prosecutor General’s Office of the Russian Federation and Russian courts regarding violations in the sphere of labor relations. She has also carried out the comparative analysis of monitoring data about innovative activity of universities when teaching senior managers. The researcher emphasizes the following activity-oriented aspects of thinking of a senior manager: creation of small innovative enterprises at universities and seeking for their support by the government, development and implementation of special programs for advanced training of senior managers, etc. Nartsissova emphasizes the following features typical for the mind of a successful senior manager: adequate and timely actions, ability to undertake responsibility and others. At the same time, the researcher notes that there is not enough effort put forth towards formation of the legal consciousness of a senior manager. Therefore, Nartsissova offers to pay special attention to developing the corporate culture. According to the researcher, the corporate culture should be viewed as a factor of raising the competitive ability of an enterprise. Nartsissova also pays special attention to the moral and psychological grounds of decisions to be made by a senior manager.